The Impact Of Organizational Characteristics On The Performance Of Farmers' Professional Cooperatives

Farmers' professional cooperatives play a fundamental role in improving the income level of farmers,the construction of agricultural product quality safety system and promotion,improvement and innovation of agricultural production technology,etc..In 2007,the Law on Farmer Professional Cooperatives of P.R.C was promulgated.The promulgation of Law on Farmer Professional Cooperatives of P.R.C has greatly promoted the development of Chinese farmer cooperative.After that the farmers'professional cooperatives have developed rapidly.Based on the special investigation data of farmer cooperatives in Anhui province in 2014,this paper analyzed the present management situation and organizational characteristics of Farmers' professional cooperatives.The study found that,at present,Chinese farmers' professional cooperatives have the following organizational characteristics.For example,most of the cooperatives were founded by ordinary farmers.Second,the vast majority of cooperatives are mainly engaged in cash crop cultivation.Third,the scale of cooperative member is about 100.In addition,most directors have strong personal endowments.What's more,the financial disclosure system was basically established and membership right.This paper also studied the operation of farmer cooperatives,and got some interesting conclusions.The farmer specialized cooperatives have certain influence in the aspects of organization and management,promotion of farmers' organizational level,improvement of member's income,and promotion of local rural economic development,etc..It can be said that the development of farmer cooperatives has made certain achievements.However,there were many problems in the process of the development of farmer cooperatives.For example,profitability needs to be improved,operations are not standardized,equity concentration.In the current new economic situation,the role of farmer cooperatives in rural economic development got more and more attention.The development of farmer cooperatives in China has gradually become a hot topic in academic research.This paper mainly studied the impact of cooperatives organizational characteristics of on performance,so as to provide some reference for the development of farmers'professional cooperatives.Based on the stakeholder theory,this.paper defined the performance of farner cooperatives as organizational economic performance,social impact performance,transaction performance,membership income performance.Then this paper used AHP measure method,efficiency coefficient method to calculate the performance value of farmers' professional cooperatives.And after that we found that the performance value of farmers' professional cooperatives was not high at present,and the organizational economic performance value,social impact performance value,transaction performance value and member income performance were mostly below 70.For further study,this paper uses SUR model and quintile regression model to analyze the impact of the cooperatives organizational characteristics on the performance.In this section,we found that organizational economic performance was mainly affected by operation mechanism,supervision mechanism and external support,social impact performance,transaction performance is mainly affected by the basic characteristics,operation mechanism and supervision mechanism,membership income performance was mainly affected by the basic characteristics and personal endowments of the chairman.More specifically,organizational economic performance was mainly influenced by membership scale,ownership concentration,financial disclosure times,public policy support degree.The social impact performance was mainly affected by the type of industry,membership withdrawal ability,equity concentration influence and the like.Transaction performance was mainly affected by factors such as industry type,ownership concentration,the number of members of the Council,the number of members meeting,the number of financial disclosure,the degree of government regulation and so on.Membership income performance was mainly affected by the size of members,the size of the board,the education level of the president and the degree of government regulation.In the last section,this paper put forward some opinions of our own,based on the main conclusions of the article.First,we need to further improve the performance evaluation system of farmers' professional cooperatives.Having a scientific performance evaluation system can better develop cooperatives.And a good performance evaluation system needs to take into account the needs of stakeholders.The cooperatives involve three major stakeholders,the farmer professional cooperatives,the members and the government.In the performance evaluation of farmer cooperatives,we should pay more attention to the needs of these three major stakeholders.To promote the healthy and steady development of cooperatives,it is necessary to optimize the organizational characteristics of farmers' professional cooperatives to balance the achievements of the major stakeholders.