The Decline Of Manchester Cotton Textile Industry

Britain is the pioneer of the industrial revolution,becoming the first country to open the process of industrialization And as one of the traditional British industrial sector in the British textile industry in the process of industrialization is playing an irreplaceable role."Cotton Kingdom" "Cotton Kingdom" title of the cotton textile industry center-Manchester became the key to the development of the British cotton textile industry,is the industrial revolution in the play an important role in the cotton textile industry,in the cotton textile industry is important Status of Manchester eventually embarked on the decline of the road.At present,the research on the decline of the textile industry in Manchester,although domestic and foreign scholars have touched on the decline of the cotton textile industry,but did not focus on the Manchester region,so the topic has some research value.The structure of this paper is divided into three parts:introduction,text and conclusion.The introduction part mainly discusses the basis and significance of the topic,the current research situation at home and abroad.The text includes the special status of the British cotton textile industry and the Manchester cotton textile industry,the decline of the Manchester cotton textile industry,the decline of the performance,the decline of the causes and the impact of the decline and so on.The first chapter is the special position of the British cotton textile industry and Manchester.This chapter focuses on the rise of the British cotton textile industry,from the origin of the East and spread to the United Kingdom.The development of the cotton textile industry technological revolution,shuttle,hydraulic weaving machine,power loom,screw machine invention,promote the cotton textile industry development process.Manchester can become a cotton textile center,with "cotton" of the title,and its own favorable conditions and traffic conditions are inseparable.The second chapter is the decline of Manchester cotton textile industry,mainly divided into three stages.The first stage is the beginning of the 20th century,this period is a decline in the decline of the textile industry.The second stage was between the two world wars(1914-1945),due to the serrious impact of the special environment of war.The third stage is the second world war,the cotton textile industry to adapt to new development needs.The third chapter is the decline of the British cotton textile industry.First,the loss of technical advantages of cotton textile industry,due to financial constraints,failed to timely update the machinery and equipment,so the technical advantage is no longer.The application rate of ring spinning machine is low,leading to low labor productivity.Followed by changes in industrial structure.As a result of the decline in investment,the industrial structure of the cotton textile industry changed,the emergence of cotton textile industry mergers and joint,to eliminate excess production,played a role in improving productivity,in addition to the emergence of emerging industries.Finally,the market is shrinking and trade imbalances.As the UK's cotton textiles are mainly used for export,foreign demand has become a vital factor.With the increase in foreign self-sufficiency,the demand for British cotton textiles decreased,leading to the loss of the British cotton textile export market.Coupled with foreign tariff protectionism,have made the British cotton textile lack o f competitiveness.The fourth chapter is the analysis of the decline of the British cotton textile industry.The first is the impact of war.During the war,due to the special social environment,social production to service war,production shift to military production,resulting in other(such as cotton textile)production investment reduction,as well as the lack of wartime labor,leading to decline in exports.In addition to the war on the destruction of the transport system have become a serious blow to the cotton textile industry.Followed by the impact to f competition.The development of the technological revolution of the cotton textile industry has promoted its development.But because of the United States,Japan and other countries to adopt new technologies,resulting in labor productivity is very different.In addition,there are Oriental countries(Japan)cotton textile industry development,reduce the dependence on the British cotton textile industry,with cheap labor competitive advantage,the British cotton textile industry as a strong competitor.Finally,the British development of their own limitations.Due to financial constraints,lack of investment in industry is not conducive to industrial development;the defects of the education system is not conducive to the cultivation of management of technical personnel,in the long run become the limitations of economic development;and the British colonial empire,the negative impact of the imperial heritage,Have become a British economic development of their own limitations.The fifth chapter is the impact of the decline of the cotton textile industry,respectively,from Manchester and the United Kingdom to elaborate two aspects.The conclusion part is a summary of the overall content of the article.