| Guanzhong region Weihe River Basin is one of the earliest introduction of cotton in northern China.After the Song and Yuan Dynasties,along with the feudal government's policy "promotion" and the spread of folk cotton cultivation technology,Guanzhong region gradually flourished in the cotton industry,becoming one of the important cotton production center.Long-term maintenance and prosperity of the cotton industry,but also for the rise of the family handcraft cotton textile provides a sufficient and convenient raw materials.In the twentieth century,in the face of the continuous exclusion of modern machinery and cotton textile industry,the traditional handcraft cotton textile industry in most parts of the country gradually became "fading" or rejuvenated and renewed its vitality.However,until the early 1930s,the occlusion and backwardness of the Guanzhong society is still in the long period of home textile industry,the basic self-cultivation of farmers.Rural women often practice spinning,following the habitat,and adulthood has been able to master the skill of textile technology.Despite the backwardness of technology and the extremely low production efficiency,handcraft textile is an important guarantee for their livelihoods,crossing the famine,and paying taxes and all kinds of apportionment.Handcraft cotton textile industry in Guanzhong to long-term extension has a profound comprehensive socio-economic reasons.However,after entering the 30's,Guanzhong handcraft cotton textile industry is increasingly facing an unprecedented development situation.First of all,with the Japanese in the northeast of the whale swallowed and the spread of the country's rural crisis,forcing the eastern part of China's cotton textile industry to the mainland tilt;Japan's textile industry in China set off a crazy price dumping policy;Longhai railway smooth and convenient The influx of foreign cloth.A few torrents of the full impact,so that the technology has been "stagnant" Guanzhong handcraft cotton textile industry appeared a short "survival crisis",limited production of goods atrophy,self-sufficiency color but enhanced.But with the opportunity and the same,the crisis is often pregnant with a turn for the better.The emergence of a comprehensive anti-war,the rear of the cotton textile industry has emerged increasingly sharp contradiction between supply and demand,strong market demand and high profits directly stimulate the enthusiasm of the community investment;machine mill in the move to move in the yarn yarn market development and growth;In order to ensure a stable supply of military supplies,the government from the institutional arrangements,social mobilization,technical services,such as the first wedge into the private handcraft cotton textile industry,will be hidden in the social forces gathered together to zero Tough war situation.It is in this rare opportunity for development,Guanzhong region stretching the traditional handcraft cotton textile industry to achieve a transformation and breakthrough:more diversified mode of operation,weaving technology to achieve significant innovation,market and professional color enhancement,in wartime There was a brief prosperity.In the long run,regardless of its capital,technology,looms,production and sales,or geographical distribution,practitioners and other aspects have reached an unprecedented level.The continuation and innovation of handcraft cotton textile industry in Guanzhong period can be evaluated from at least two dimensions.On the one hand,the handcraft cotton textile industry to the crisis as a turning point,homeopathic to achieve innovation and sharp change,in line with its own development of the inherent needs,because only innovation can survive.On the other hand,in the special wartime environment,Guanzhong handcraft cotton textile industry has made important contributions to the service of the war of resistance,but also for the regional social and economic modernization has taken a key first step. |
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