Extraction Of Priority Area For Returning Farmland To Forest Project In Bin County

Returning farmland to forest project is a systematic project,it related to China’s agriculture,forestry,environmental protection,land and finance and other departments.It has a large amount of investment,wide coverage,high participation of farmers,in China and the world are the first major project,its impact is enormous,far-reaching significance.The project of returning farmland to forest is one of the effective measures to prevent and control soil erosion and soil salinization,and to improve the ecological environment in China,which is in accordance with the two basic national policies of protecting the environment and protecting the cultivated land.Since 1999,great achievements have been made in the management of soil and water loss and land desertification,the adjustment of rural industrial structure,the comprehensive grain production capacity and the increase of farmers’ income.n the specific implementation process,the local government in accordance with the relevant national laws and regulations,technical regulations and notification requirements,the implementation of higher levels of government decomposition of the task of returning farmland to forests.In 2016 to carry out a new round of reforestation in a previous upload and implement the way,based on the principle of voluntary farmers,government guidance,full consideration to the wishes of farmers,in ensuring the premise of not affecting the farmland area the livelihood of farmers,farmers voluntarily apply for returning farmland to forest.Bin county is located in the south of Heilongjiang Province,due to the use of the special climate and topography in some areas and farmers on the land is not reasonable,resulting in serious soil erosion,so the implementation of the policy of returning farmland to forest and soil and water conservation measures to curb the trend of soil erosion.Through field investigation,remote sensing,data access and other ways to obtain corresponding basic data,based on the analysis of land use change in the Bin county.In the natural environment,social and economic situation and national policy background under consideration,with the spatial analysis function of ArcGIS technology,the selection of slope greater than 25 degrees slope farmland,serious soil erosion of arable land,water source protection zone of slope farmland and unstable land 4 factors,scientific and reasonable division shall the implementation of returning farmland to forest area.And on this basis,from the ecological,social and economic aspects of three comprehensive evaluation indexes,using matter-element model of returning farmland to forest priority classification,determine the priority area of returning farmland to forest,ecological fragile area can make priority restoration precision farmland.Through the above research,the following conclusions are obtained:(1)in recent 30 years,forest area showing a decreasing trend in Bin County.From 1986 to 2015 in the past 30 years,forest area decreased from 1358.09 km2 to 1289.84 km2.Especially in the last 10 years,the forest area decreased greatly,area reduced from 1357.12 km2 to 1289.84km2,a large area of forest land was reclaimed for arable land.The total amount of cultivated land in the first 20 years also showed a decreasing trend,1986-2006 in the past 20 years,cultivated land area decreased from 2115.95 km2 to 2090.97 km2,but in the past 10 years due to the large area of forest land reclamation and development of Songhua River along the unstable arable land,arable land rose sharply increased from 2090.97 km2 to 2227.23 km2.Although a large increase in arable land,but the protection of arable land still can not relax.Returning farmland to forest will not only take up too much arable land,but also has a positive effect on the protection of cultivated land and the improvement of quality.Due to serious soil erosion bin,so for the implementation of returning farmland to forest has a good foundation.(2)In the analysis based on the data base by Bin county,soil slope farmland,slope greater than 25 degrees the serious loss of arable land,water resource protection zone of slope land and unstable farmland 4 elements.Based on the spatial extraction and superposition command of ArcGIS,the area of returning farmland to forest should be obtained,with a total area of about 81.02km2.Due to the serious soil erosion and the need for returning farmland to forest area of 37.72 km2,mainly distributed in the northwest and East Central Plains in Bin County.The area of returning farmland to forest is 6.55km2,which is mainly distributed in the plain area of Northwest in Bin County,because the slope is greater than 25 degrees.Because of the instability of cultivated land,the area of returning farmland to forest is 35.58kmin which is mainly distributed in the northern part of Songhua River,Because of the slope cultivated land in the water source protection area,the area of returning farmland to forest is 1.17km2.(3)The priority area of Returning farmland to forest to calculate the land for ManJing Town,NiaoHe Town,SanBao Town and TangFang Town under the jurisdiction of them.The main reasons for returning farmland to the erosion gully density and unstable farmland.A little priority areas are BinAn Town,ChangAn Town,JuRen Town,NingYuan Town,XinDian Town and BinXi Town 6 towns under the jurisdiction of returning farmland to forest plots.The main reasons for returning farmland are steep gully erosion and steep slopes with slope of more than 25 degrees.Other cultivated land plots for returning farmland to forest,The reasons for returning farmland to forest are 4 elements.(4)The most important factor affecting the priority level of returning farmland to forest is the serious soil erosion area,and the determining factor is that the erosion gully density is greater than 2000.The area is large,the distribution of the region is broad,whether it is the priority area,a little priority area or the general area of returning farmland,have the influence of soil erosion serious area.The regional distribution of cultivated land on steep slope and slope greater than 25 degrees is broad,but most concentrated in the northwest region of Bin county,its contribution to the priority of returning farmland to forest is relatively small.The distribution of the unstable cultivated land in the northern part of Songhua River is larger,and it is also one of the main factors that affect the priority level of returning farmland to forest.The slope farmland in the water source protection area is located in the vicinity of the ErLongShan reservoir,the area is relatively small,and the effect of returning farmland to forest is not obvious.In addition,social and economic factors have some influence on the priority of returning farmland to forest.Finally,from the three perspectives of government,society and farmers to analyze the possible effect of returning farmland to forest.