Study On The Selection Of Moderate Scale By Laying Hens Breeding Farmers From The Perspective Of Efficiency

Mass breeding is an important symbol of laying hen industry modernization and an important driving force in China's new normal.In recent years,transformation from traditional way to the modern methods of scale and intensive production in laying hens industry in China is happening rapidly.Professional laying hens farm with advantages of technology and management are conducive to enhancing the management level of laying hens breeding and ability to cope with the risk of breeding,reduce the production cost and improve the farming income.However,it is not the bigger the better,excessive breeding scale can lead to environmental pollution and epidemic prevention difficult.At the same time,the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization cause rural labor shortage and labor costs increase;facing the double restriction of resources and the environment,consumer is highly sensitive to the quality and safety of eggs.Therefore,it has become necessary and urgent to select a moderate scale to improve the production efficiency,promote economic benefit maximization and increase farmers' income.This study focus on the selection of moderate scale of laying hens breeding in our country from the perspective of efficiency using efficiency theory,scale economies and scale reward theory.Three related aspects have been studied in this article.Firstly,present situation and development trend of laying hens scale in farming families in our country were analyzed.Second,production efficiency of different breeding scale were calculated and main factors influencing scale selection of laying hens by peasants were analyzed using the DEA-CLAD method based on the survey data from seven major production areas in China.Finally,moderate scale and its optimization were selected for laying hens breeding farmers in our country.The study found that the scale efficiency of laying hens breeding farmers in China was at a higher level,the average of technical efficiency loss is 0.628 and the scale efficiency loss is 0.273,so that the technical efficiency of laying hens breeding farmers needs to be improved.Production efficiency of 0-1999 scale is the highest with technical efficiency 0.976 and scale efficiency 0.974;It was found that the technical efficiency of laying hens scale in China is 0.825 and the scale efficiency is 0.828 with a smaller efficiency loss gap when analyzed from the input-output efficiency;Production efficiency of 5000-6000 scale is the highest with technical efficiency 0.939 and scale efficiency 0.929;There were clear regional differences in laying hens production efficiency.Shandong province in eastern China has been the largest producer of laying hens for nearly 10 years.Production efficiency in the eastern region was the highest,followed by the northeast,with the lowest production efficiency in the west.The difference of scale efficiency in different regions is small,but the difference of technical efficiency in different regions is significant.The production efficiency of laying hens breeding farmers in different breeding scale was different.Technical efficiency increases with scale;scale efficiency was strongly influenced by scale.With the increase of the level of education,years of breeding,breeding technical training and construction of standardized farms,the technical efficiency of farmers will significantly improve.The increase in age,capital limited has a negative effect on the configuration efficiency of farmers.A certain organizational resources can reduce the scale efficiency loss of the laying hens breeding farmers.The results show that: It is helpful to improve the scale efficiency of laying hens breeding in China to promote market-oriented reform of the rural factor market.At present,the main reasons causing production efficiency loss of laying hens breeding farmers in China were the low level of element configuration and technical inefficiency.Therefore,reform on rural land market,labor and capital market will improve the scale efficiency of the laying hens breeding farmers and development of large-scale laying hens breeding.Government departments should further implement and improve specific system of the construction and acceptance of standardized farms,further improve the standardization level of laying hens breeding in our country.At the same time,concentrated and stable production space should be established to promote the sustainable development of Chinese laying hen production.