| It is unsustainable for the consumption of residents and the growth of pig industry,since the supply-demand imbalance has been happened several times in Chinese pig breeding,so the market price of live pig changed periodically and substantially.Rural households of pig breeding have difficulties in resiting market risks,since they have weaknesses in promoting production efficiency and epidemic prevention.The behaviour of rural household intensifies the hog price volatility,Since the scale production has obvious advantages in production efficiency,disease prevention and environmental protection.And the moderate scale production of live pig is conducive to stabilizing market price fluctuation.Scale production has been viewed as the common direction of worldwide live pig breeding.However,scattered farmers keep the most numbers of live pig breeding farms or households.The driving factors needs to be explored,so did the differences between scatterd breeding and cale production,which could help build the fundamental of sustained of pig industry.Firstly,by systematically combing the recent research,concept definition and relevant theory,this research summarizes the literature on scale management of agriculture,scale production of live pig and the relationship between pig breeding and cost,which helps construct theoretical basis for cost and efficiency analysis.Secondly,this research discusses the development status of pig breeding industry by sorting out the changes of pig production capacity and four price fluctuation cycles in China and current situation of development of scale production of live pig.Thirdly,this research analyzed the cost-benefit of pig breeding,by analysisingthe cost of different scale pig breeding,so that the speed of cost structure adjustment can be analyzed.By comparing the cost-benefit of pig breeder of different scale of production,this research analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of pig breeders of different scale of production,whichparticipat in market competition.Taking listed companies as an example to analyzethe cost-benefit situation of leading enterprises of live pig,and explains their advantageous position in market competition.Finally,through the method of data envelopment analysis(DEA),which has been widely used in efficiency assessment,the production efficiency can be calculated by using the data of 30 provinces from 2011 to2020,and the susage data comes from National Cost-benefit Data Collection of Agricultural Products.The differences that among pig breeders of pig breeding efficiency can be analyzed in multiple dimensions.The analizationresults show that: First,the scale of production of Chinese live pig breeding has been continuously promoted,and the recent data shows an accelerating trend;Second,with the expansion of the scale production,the cost of pig breeding is gradually reduced,and the ability of cost control is improved;Third,the income stability of large-scale breeding is higher,which has obvious competitive advantages compared with small-scale breeding;Fourth,the position of leading enterprises has been continuously consolidated and has get got market competition advantage by a huge margin;Last but not least,the efficiency shows an inverted "U" trend with the improvement of pig breeding scale,and there is a large gap between the production efficiency between scattered pig breeder and otherfarms or households of larger scale of production.At the basic of research conclusions,this research proposed to improve the regulation mechanism of keeping hog production capacity and stable periodic and substantially fluctuation of hog price,guides cattered and small-scale farmers or farms to reasonably increase the scale of production of live pig,encourage farms of scale production to improve production guidelines by adopting standardization and intensification mode,encourage the construction of new cooperative relations between leading enterprises and farms and improvement of market incentive mechanism as the advice suggestions. |
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