Research On High-speed Railway Scale Economy Based On Transportation Cost

Chinese high-speed railway has been constructed in the large scale since 2008.The operation mileage and construction scale of Chinese high-speed railway were in the first place in the world by 2015. High-speed railway construction has the features of the older building cycle,greatly capital input amount,the longer recover stage. The importance of reducing average transportation cost and realize profit is of practical significance to passenger transport system of high-speed railway. Scale economy is an important content of econometrics. Cost function can be used to measure the effects of factors on transportation costs, such as transportation output, factor price, technical variables, fixed assets investment.By summarizing the literature, this paper introduces the basic theories of scale economy. Transportation cost leads the concept of production function and cost function.On the basis of the features, composition and influencing factors of high speed railway transportation cost, this paper analyzes the applicability of the cost function in the scale economy of high speed railway, then introduce the ultra-right derivation of the cost function . According to the currently research at home and abroad and characteristics of Chinese high-speed railway industry, the variable and related data were selected . The scale economy of China's high-speed railway industry is analyzed by applying the CD and the TRANSLOG, and the scale economy coefficient is calculate with the econometric software of Eviews8.0 and SPSS .The research results illustrates that there is a certain extent scale economy in Chinese high-speed railway industry. At the staring period of construction and operation, because of the lack of the sample and data,we'd better choose the calculating method with fit the time-series data of TRANSLOG. We can observe directly the change of the coefficient of scale economy about high-speed railway in each of the situation.Analyzing this index,such as factor price,passenger person-kilometers, length of line operated, we can get the affect on transport costs.In order to reduce the cost of transportation,it's necessary to complete the road network, improve transportation organization efficiency and labor productivity, control the consumption material and energy, optimize financial structure from the point of view of transportation investment. From the point of transportation output, we should take some measures to reduce the average cost of the passenger, which promote price marketization reform and increase the passenger ultimately to achieve the benefits of economies of scale of high-speed railway transportation.