Research About The Influence Of FDI Technology Spillover Effects On Domestic Technology Content Of Export In China's Manufacturing Industry From The Perspective Of Firm Heterogeneity

Since joining WTO,China's manufacturing industry has been the largest industry in attracting FDI by providing various preferential policies.FDI enterprises will cause competition with local industries and enterprises as well as involuntary technology diffusion namely FDI technology spillovers.Meanwhile,with the increasingly rapid development of China's export trade and the more important role in world's trade market,has China's commodity real export technology level been improved? A product's technology content of exports not only includes technology content of imported processing trade intermediate products but also includes that of products FDI enterprises exported.Hence,it is essential to measure the real domestic technology content of export of China's local manufacturing enterprises.The target for attracting FDI is to fulfill the strategy of “exchanging market with technology” which means FDI technology spillovers can promote the product technology content.Based on the above conditions,this paper mainly studies the influence degree of FDI spillover effect of manufacturing industry on domestic technology content of export in China.In fact,there exists a variety of ownership structure of the enterprise in China,and its heterogeneity also affects the FDI spillover effect.Therefore,based on the firm heterogeneity perspective analysis of FDI spillover effects on the impact of domestic technology content of export in China's manufacturing industry is more practical and significant.Firstly,this paper reviews the literature and theoretical analysis about existence,mechanism and channels of the FDI spillover effects on the impact of domestic technology content of export.Then,this paper calculates China's manufacturing industry FDI spillover effect,domestic technology content of export of China's manufacturing industry,and does empirical research on the influence of FDI spillover effects on the impact of domestic technology content of export in China's manufacturing industry from the perspective of firm heterogeneity.Finally,in order to improve China's manufacturing domestic technology content of exports and enhance local enterprises' technology spillovers absorptive capacity,this paper puts forward relevant policy recommendation according to corresponding research findings.By relevant theoretical analysis and empirical research,this paper obtains the following conclusions:(1)FDI spillover effects both in the horizontal and vertical spillovers are showed industry difference.FDI horizontal spillovers of China's manufacturing industries is showed in a trend that rising at first then decreasing and among which high-tech manufacturing industry shows the highest significance.FDI forward spillover effect is not significant,and middle and high technological manufacturing industry show a high significance in FDI forward spillover effect.FDI backward spillover effect mainly reflects in such capital-intensive industries as the technical and computer manufacturing,electronics and optical products.(2)There is a striking convergence between the domestic technology content of export and technology content of export in China's specific manufacturing industry,and China's overall domestic technology content of export shows rising trend.(3)Local enterprise's domestic technology contents of export rises as well over time,but local labor-intensive enterprise's technology content of export is the highest.(4)Firm heterogeneity also reflects in local manufacturing industry's technology content of export.Technology content of export of State-owned enterprises shows a decreasing trend,while that of private enterprises shows an increasing trend.(5)There exists inverted U shape nonlinear relationship between FDI backward spillover effect and local manufacturing industry's domestic technology content of export.However,only linear relationship exists between FDI horizontal spillover effect and local manufacturing industry's domestic technology content of export.Besides,FDI forward spillover effect shows negative relationship with local industry's domestic technology content of export.(6)In terms of State-owned enterprise,there is U shape nonlinear relationship between FDI forward spillover effect and domestic technology content of export,and inverted U shape nonlinear relationship exists in FDI backward spillover effect and domestic technology content of export.Negative linear relationship exists in FDI horizontal spillover effect and domestic technology content of export.(7)With regarding to private enterprise,there is inverted U shape nonlinear relationship between FDI backward spillover effect and domestic technology content of export.Inverted U shape nonlinear relationship exists between FDI forward spillover effect and domestic technology content of export.Only negative correlation is showed between FDI horizontal spillover effect and domestic technology content of export.(8)Firms' capital can promote private manufacturing enterprises export domestic technical progress,but will inhibit the local and state-owned manufacturing enterprises levels of domestic technology content of export.R&D input can improve state-owned enterprises' technical content of export,but it will hinder the technical export of private enterprises.Human capital can improve state-owned enterprises and private enterprises' technical content of export.