Study On The Structure Optimization Of Planting Industry In Shihezi Reclamation Area Under The Restriction Of Water Resources

The structure optimization of planting industry is an important part of the sustainable development of agriculture.In the arid area of Shihezi reclamation area is the typical oasis agriculture,agricultural water occupies a large proportion,especially the planting industry,with the rapid economic and social development,increasing industrial water and living water demand,water supply and demand is becoming more and more serious.At the same time planting mode in Shihezi reclamation area is a single,dominant cotton.Single cropping pattern has brought many problems,such as lack of food supply,the problem of soil salinization and so on.Therefore,how optimize the planting structure in the shortage of water resources is an important way to improve the sustainable development of Shihezi reclamation area agriculture and promote the people's living standard.Based on the research at home and abroad,this paper firstly analyses the connotation and characteristics of planting structure adjustment under the restriction of water resources,describes the relevant theoretical foundation;secondly,introduces the status and structure of water in Shihezi reclamation area and its changes trends,and analyzes the current situation and changes in planting industry structure trends,and then points out that at present,the water resources in Shihezi reclamation area is still relatively scarce,agricultural irrigation water accounted for 90% of total water consumption,and agricultural water planting water occupies a very high proportion of Shihezi reclamation area;current planting structure is relatively simple,is not optimal;basis on the principle of optimization: ensuring the safety of food production,improving the utilization efficiency of water resources,achievement economic efficiency?ecological benefits and social benefits,,this paper establish the objective function and constraint conditions of planting structure adjustment under the constraint of water resources of Shihezi reclamation area,and empirical analysis planting structure adjustment and optimization effect.This paper found that,in order to improve the utilization efficiency of water resources,guarantee the grain production the safety and economy of social production and life demand,adjustment of planting structure in Shihezi reclamation should be to wheat,corn,cotton,oil,sugar beet,melon and fruit as the main object of adjustment,expand the planting area of wheat,beans,oil and fruit planting area,reduce the planting area of corn and cotton crops which are consumption larger water resources,plant a slight increase in area of alfalfa as main feed forage crops,remain the comparative advantage of cotton crop when adjust economic crops;and finally puts forward relevant policy suggestions.The planting structure meets the needs of economic and social development and grain production of various crops of Shihezi reclamation area after the adjustment and optimization of Shihezi reclamation,at the same time achieves optimal economic benefits and ecological benefits,and improves the efficiency of water utilization,protects the ecological environment of the whole area,and is conducive to the increase of the income of the farmers,and promoting the development of modern agriculture sustainable health in Shihezi reclamation area.