Study On The Behavior Of Farmers' Participation In Rural Residential Land Consolidation

Rural residential land consolidation is an important step in adapting to the development of industrialization and urbanization.And it is also an effective means to relieve the contradiction of the shortage of urban land and idle of rural residential land,cultivated land protection and urbanization construction and ecological civilization and so on.It can not only play an important role on increasing the effective area of cultivated land,ensuring the food security of China,but also can balance urban and rural development,promote new rural construction,bring rural investment and increase farmers' income.Famers as the actual occupants and users of rural residential land,their action of participation will directly affect the results of rural residential land consolidation.But affected by the internal and external environment,there are still some realistic problems in famers participation,which includes shortage of micro-power,low enthusiasm and low effectiveness.So,the research on the behavior of farmers' participation in rural residential land consolidation can grasp the farmers' behavior law,find the leading influence factors and provide basis for the government policy making.Taking the Zhongdu village in Tongnan District of Chongqing as a case area,this paper uses questionnaire and interview to make a spot investigation on famers.It adopts the behavior research logic as “behavior motivations,behavior willingness,behavior choice”.Firstly,analyze the characteristics of sample famers,clear the existing problems of farmers' participation in the rural residential land consolidation and reveal the famers,behavior motivations to participate in the rural residential land consolidation.Next,establish the evaluation index of the characteristics of farmer's family,farmer's living conditions,farmer's homestead as well as farmer's consciousness,and use the structural equation model to identify the leading factors of farmers' behavior willingness to participate in the rural residential land consolidation.Then,according to the willingness and action to participate in the renovation,this paper dived famers,behavior into different types.At the same time,it explain the deep reasons behind the farmer's behavior choices through induvial interview.Finally,summarize the relationships among behavior motivations,behavior willingness,and behavior choice and put forward the different models of farmers' behavior decision.The main research conclusions are as follows:(1)Farmers' behavior motivations,behavior willingness,behavior choice are the important parts of the farmers' behavior to participate in the rural residential land consolidation.First,famers will have needs to participate under the stimulation of the internal and external conditions.Then,needs will lead to specific motives.Next,strong motives will form willingness.Finally,potential willingness will become actual behavior to participate in the rural residential land consolidation because of motivation of external factors.And good results of participation will strength the motive,so that the participation can continue to occur.Combing the farmers' behavior motivations,behavior willingness,behavior choice and their relationships and clarifying psychological process and behavior decision-making path of farmers' participation,it can sum up three different modes of farmers' decision to participate in rural residential land consolidation,that are rational thinking model,herd imitation model and passive acceptance model.Under the rational thinking model,famers will rationally make the decision whether to participate according to their own situation.Under the herd imitation model,farmers are mainly based on the demonstration effect of other farmers and imitate successful behavior to participate.Under the passive acceptance model,farmers' behavior choice is a blur self-decision-making right in a fixed environment.(2)The behavior motivations to participate in rural residential land consolidation of famers in Zhongdu Village are diversity and different,which include intrinsic motivations and extrinsic motivations.The intrinsic motivations can be divided into life motivation,economic motivation and other motivation.The extrinsic motivations include external incentive and social identity.The number of people driven by multiple motivations is greater than those driven by a single motive because the motivation of the one famer is multiple.At the same time,there are differences in the motivations of farmers' participation,but they show relative consistency,that means life motivation is principle.(3)The willingness of farmers in Zhongdu Village to participate in rural residential land consolidation is low and affected by many factors.Through the survey data of 239 famers in Zhongdu village,it found that : Firstly,43.51% of the famers are willing to join the rural residential land consolidation,47.08% of them do not want to do,9.21% of them think it doesn't matter.Secondly,Farmers' family characteristics,living characteristics,homestead characteristics and consciousness characteristics will have an impact on farmers' willingness to participate.On one hand,farmers 'policy awareness,learning consciousness,behavior consciousness,housing construction period,non-farm laborers,non-farmer's monthly income,total number of family and homestead area play a positive role in farmers' willingness to participate.On the other hand,the factors such as the utilization of homestead,the number of houses and the structure of houses have a negative effect on the willingness of farmers to participate.In the numerous factors,the key influence factors are the non-farm laborers,non-farmer's monthly income,the awareness of policy,the utilization of homestead,and the structure of house.It can be conclude that the famers,willingness to join the rural residential land consolidation is affected by a variety of factors and all of the influence factors have a covariance relationship with each other.(4)The choice of behavior of farmers in Zhongdu village to participate in rural residential land consolidation is the subjective choice of rational and perceptual intertwined in specific environment.The situation that famers in Zhongdu village to participate in rural residential land consolidation is poor and there is a gap between farmers' willingness and their behavior choice.According to the willingness to participate and whether there is any participatory behavior,it can divide the famers' action into four types: positive,negative,avoidance and wait-and-see.Famers who have Positive behavior and negative behavior are the real beneficiaries of rural residential land consolidation.The main reasons behind positive behavioral choice are the effect of natural environment,policy support and attraction by modern urban lifestyles.The famers are those who are affected by flood,have many houses and yearn for the community life.The main reason behind negative behavioral choice is the effect of external environment,including the natural environment and social relations.Famers who have avoidance behavior are the bottleneck in the rural residential land consolidation,such as traditional famers,new house famers.And their choice is affected by age,cultural level,survival skills,traditional concept,social security,housing construction time and so on.Famers who have wait-and-see behavior are the potential participant.Avoiding the risk and waiting for external conditions to meet expectations are the main reason behind their behavioral choices.