The Empirical Research On The Factors Which Affecting Chongqing’s Employment

Employment is vital to people’s livelihood, since the reform and opening up to the outside world with the development of China’s economy, the party and the country increasingly pay attention to the people’s livelihood. Although various types of firms absorb the rapid growth employment in recent years, but the capacity of employment is limited, it is far from enough to solve the problems in the labor force, employment pressure is still huge. According to international experience, to deal with the employment issue is not only conducive to the harmonious society, but also to promote consumption and promoting economic growth. Chongqing is the bridgehead of China’s western development, which is an important node connecting the central and western China. From the 1997, Chongqing resident population increases every year, the labor from all over the country come to Chongqing to support the city’s construction. At 2013, Chongqing had reached a total population of 3358.42. Thus the studies about the employment of Chongqing is not only related to the smooth western development, but also conducive to the social harmony, which balance the eastern and western income gap.With the Chongqing’s economy is going through structural adjustment and change of the pattern of economic development period of strategic opportunities, employment environment is facing growing pressure, the employment rate and employment quality is facing a series of new problems. Therefore, how to correctly understand and solve the employment problem in Chongqing, effectively increase the employment rate and employment quality, become the social relationship between Chongqing and even the entire western economy the healthy development of the important tasks. The party and the state attaches great importance to improving the quality of employment, the employment problem to give a lot of policy and financial support. In response to national policy, Chongqing municipal party committee municipal government have issued relevant policy, strive to solve the employment problem. For example, on September 12, 2012, the CPC Chongqing municipal committee of Chongqing municipal people’s government in the "several opinions on promoting new urbanization" in put forward "promote urban integration development, promoting full employment, absorbing the rural population transfer, improve quality of workers and the employment quality" target; In September 2013, comrade Sun Zhengcai in municipal committee of the last four three plenary session of the speech mentioned to promote employment and so on the construction of the people’s livelihood project, strive to do a good relationship the vital interests of 22 pieces the livelihood of the people..However, on the one hand, Chongqing employment environment facing the outstanding demand capacity is limited. In fact, Chongqing resident population increases year by year, across the country labor force poured into Chongqing, support the construction of Chongqing, Chongqing total population has reached 33.5842 million in 2013, and Chongqing’s employment also showed a trend of fluctuations, in 1994, the total employment in Chongqing reached peak of 17.2955 million people, after decreasing year by year, in 2006 at a minimum of 14.5477 million people, then the employment population is increasing year by year, to about 16.8351 million people in 2013.Chongqing employment environment, on the other hand, also present a significant rural labor such as problems in such aspects as employability skills to be promoted. As the city’s industrial structure adjustment of optimization and the speeding up of urbanization, especially the strengthening of efforts to balance urban and rural, large number of rural surplus labor transfer to the town gradually. By 2012, the proportion of rural employment dropped to nearly 40%, higher than in 2000 20% of the total employment in cities and towns. However, a large number of rural surplus labor into cities and towns in the quality of the urban labor employment problems. In other words, how to improve the process of rural labor transfer of labor in the labor skills such as problems, is related to the main task of the whole quality of labor force employment in Chongqing.This paper attempts to use the multivariate time series data of Chongqing from 1997 to 2012 to explore the main factors which affected the employment. Firstly, the employment equation based on employment theory, and then find the main factors that affect the city’s employment, according to Granger causality tests, the unit root test, co-integration test and the regression analysis. The empirical analysis shows, the scale of promoting employment by income is very effective, which is the same as by investment, economic growth, and so on. Finally, according to the previous analysis, this paper put forward policies and suggestions...