The Impacts Of Eu Technical Barriers To Trade On China's Toy Products Export

As the largest manufacturer of toys in the world,toys manufactured in China have surpassed 70%of the world's toys and are sold globally.According to the UN Commodity Trade Database,China's amount of toy exports increased from $8.5 billion in 2007 to $18.4 billion in 2016.In the past 10 years,the export value doubled.Toy plays an important role in China's foreign trade.However,with the continuous development of the liberalization of international trade after World War II,various tariff barriers have been continuously reduced and measures of technical barriers to trade have been widely used due to their apparent rationality.As a result,the EU's toy recall incidents occurred frequently in international trade.This article is divided into six chapters.The first chapter is the introductory part,introducing the research background,purpose and significance of this paper,the domestic and international research review,research methods and innovations;the second chapter is an overview of technical barriers to trade,including the content of the technical barriers to trade,attributes and related theoretical basis;Chapter III is the status of China's toy exports and the technical barriers suffered.Firstly,the range of toy products was introduced.Then the status of China's toy product exports was analyzed from the domestic toy industry,the export trade of China's toy products and the major exporter countries of China's toy products.Finally,the content of the EU's technical trade barriers and the EU recalls are analyzed.The fourth chapter analyzes the impact of TBT on the export of China's toy products qualitatively and quantitatively.The paper discusses the positive and negative impacts of TBT on the qualitative aspect respectively.In the quantitative aspect,the paper uses the gravity model to explain the Chinese toys exports to the EU 10 countries by selecting 10 countries data from 2004 to 2016 and using 5 explanatory variables including the China's GDP,the EU ten national GDP,China's GDP per capita,the EU ten countries per capita GDP and the European Union ten countries recall data of imported products.The fifth chapter analyzes the main reasons why China's export toys suffer from the EU's technical barriers to trade from the objective and subjective aspects.Objectively,the spread of trade protectionism,the control of technological standards in developed countries,and the rising import and export consumer demand have hindered the export of toys in China.Subjectively,that China's toy industry is irrational,that companies do not have adequate "standard awareness," and that toy design is unsatisfactory are important reasons for China's toys to suffer trade barriers.The sixth chapter puts forward corresponding suggestions from the government,industry associations and enterprises aspects.The government must seize the commanding heights of international standards,provide relevant technical support,collect relevant information on technological trade measures,and rectify toy export industries.Industry associations should do a good job in the communication between the government and enterprises,increase interpretation and promotion of technical trade barriers in the EU,and establish the technical trade barrier early warning:mechanism.Enterprises should be familiar with and master WTO trade rules and EU technical trade measures,carry out reasonable strategic layouts and strengthen management levels,and special departments should respond to compliance trade barriers and implement the "One Belt and One Road" internationalization strategy.