Study On Comparison Of International Competitiveness Of Chinese And Australian Mutton Industry Based On Production Efficiency

The sheep industry is a traditional industry in China.Every major production province in China has huge sheep stock and output.In recent years,it has been affected by sheep price depression,rising production costs and the impact of imported mutton.China's sheep raising industry is very depressed.As a country which is still the main breeding mode,the farmers can not regulate the price of meat,sheep and external shocks as exogenous factors.Therefore,reducing the cost of production and raising the scientific and technological content of sheep breeding are one of the main development directions of sheep raising industry in China.This paper first focuses on the current situation of sheep industry in China and Australia,and analyzes the amount of stock,the output of mutton,the scale of trade and so on,focusing on the classification and comparative analysis of cost and benefit data of sheep production.The economic efficiency of sheep production in China and Australia was calculated,and the total factor productivity was calculated according to the data of previous years.According to the status quo of the households who are still the main body of the farmers in China,the cost-benefit,the economic efficiency and the total factor productivity of the sheep are analyzed.Finally,a series of policy recommendations are put forward based on the conclusion.(1)By analyzing the production and trade of the sheep meat industry in China and Australia,as well as the indicators of international competitiveness,the results show that the Chinese sheep industry is still in the stage of free-range farming as the main breeding mode.Although the amount of livestock and slaughter are much higher than those in Australia,China is currently in Net import status.Australia,whether it is live sheep or frozen lamb,is a world exporter.China's current level of scale is relatively low,and the degree of scale and development speed in different regions are significantly different.The eastern and western regions have the highest degree of scale.Australian sheep breeding is mainly based on large-scale farming.By analyzing the three major competitiveness indicators of market share,revealed comparative advantage index,the revealed comparative advantage index of competition,this paper finds that Australia has a high market share,strong international competitiveness,and obvious comparative advantages.China does not have a competitive advantage over Australia.(2)By comparing the cost-benefit data of sheep production between China and Australia,this paper finds that the cost composition of sheep in China is more concentrated both in this species of sheep and in improved sheep.The cost of labor costs and forage material account for a significant proportion of the total cost.Both are much higher than those in Australia.The Australian sheep is more decentralized in terms of its total cost structure,with higher costs related to machinery use,service fees,and interest on funds than China.The differences mainly reflect the different resource endowments of the two countries and the level of development of animal husbandry.(3)By constructing the super-efficient SBM model,this paper measures the economic efficiency and total factor productivity of sheep breeding in China and Australia.The comparison between economic efficiency and total factor productivity is relative.The results of the study show that the economic efficiency of Australian sheep in 2016 was significantly higher than the average economic efficiency of sheep breeding and improved sheep breeding in China.Compared with this species of sheep in our country,Australia's total factor productivity is in a state of continuous improvement,and the continuous improvement of comprehensive technical efficiency is the main factor.The main factor leading to the improvement of comprehensive technical efficiency is scale efficiency,with an average annual increase of 3.12%.Compared with the improved sheep,the Australian sheep's total factor productivity declined.The total factor productivity of China's major producing provinces of local sheep is in a state of recession.The main factor that hinders the progress of China's total factor productivity in these species of sheep is technological progress.The total factor productivity,technological progress and scale efficiency in the main provinces of the improved sheep production in China are in a state of promotion,and the pure technical efficiency is less than 1.It is in an ascending state,while the purely technical efficiency is less than 1,indicating that the management link is the main factor restricting the improvement of the total factorproductivity of improved sheep in China,and lack of scientific breeding and scientific management leads to efficiency loss.By analyzing the economic efficiency and total factor productivity of the seven provinces of mutton sheep in China,the results show that the provinces with frontier economic efficiency in 2016 were Hebei and Xinjiang,but the economic efficiency of Henan and Shaanxi was close to 1,and the economic efficiency and frontier of Shandong and Ningxia were big difference.The total factor productivity of mutton sheep in China experienced a process of rising and falling volatility.The main reason for the decrease in total factor productivity was the backwardness of technology.The paper uses Tobit model regression to analyze factors affecting total factor productivity.Among the many significant influencing factors,the self-development of the mutton sheep industry is the main factor leading to the reduction of total factor productivity of the mutton sheep and technical backwardness.This shows that although the mutton sheep industry in China has continued to pursue a modest scale in recent years,and the high input and low efficiency still exist.It is the current status of production of sheep in China.Based on the above research results,this paper proposes to strengthen technology research,promoting technological progress and large-scale sheep breeding,increasing sheep production efficiency,focusing on brand building,developing high-end mutton products,increasing subsidies,supporting the sheep industry,and accelerating the industrialization of mutton sheep,cost control capabilities and other measures to improve the international competitiveness of China's mutton sheep industry.