| Tourism,as an important industry with low resource loss,strong driving effect,high employment elasticity,has become an increasingly prominent influence on the economy and has become a new driving force for economic growth.However,with the rapid development of tourism industry in Shannxi,many problems have been gradually exposed,such as the extensive business model has not been changed,the low level of information technology,the repeated investment of capital and so on,which lead to the low efficiency of resource allocation in the tourism market.Seriously restricting the Development of Tourism in China.Therefore,how to make scientific and efficient use of existing tourism resources and asure the methodical and sustainable development of tourism is an imperative problem to be resolved in the Shaanxi tourism industry.This paper takes Shaanxi Province as the research object,combs the related literature of domestic and foreign tourism efficiency and its influencing factors,on the basis of clarifying the actual development situation of Shaanxi Province's tourism industry,applies DEA to Measure the efficiency of the tourism industry in 11 cities of Shaanxi province(area)from 2006 to 2015.Using Malmquist index to analyze the trend of total factor productivity of tourism in Shaanxi province.And use the Gini coefficient and Theil index of overall difference,within group differences,analysis of the differences between groups.The comprehensive efficiency of tourism in Shaanxi province is taken as the dependent variable,the regional economic development level,the development level of the service industry,the tourism industry structure,traffic convenience and the degree of opening to the outside world as its independent variable,and the factors affecting the tourism efficiency are analyzed with Tobit.The results show that:(1)From the measurement of tourism comprehensive efficiency and its decomposition,the comprehensive efficiency of Shaanxi tourism is 0.776,which is in the middle level of development.The comprehensive efficiency and scale efficiency of Xi'an City,Baoji City and Xianyang City are all above 0.9,and pure technical efficiency is effective.(2)From the trend of changes in tourism efficiency,tourism total factor productivity shows a trend of rising first and then decreasing in shaanxi province.The average growth rate of TFP is 18.1%,the average growth of the technical progress is 19.1%,comprehensive technical efficiency and scale efficiency of less than 1.Therefore,technological progress is the main cause of shaanxi tourism total factor productivity growth.(3)From the perspective of spatial pattern,regional efficiency level shows the characteristics of the space difference.The average of the comprehensive efficiency,pure technical efficiency difference is greater in shanbei region than the guanzhong and southern shaanxi,and the scale efficiency difference of guanzhong area average is greater than the area in the south and north of shaanxi,differences in the group is the main cause of shaanxi tourism efficiency difference,but the overall differences narrowing trends.(4)Of all the factors,The development level of service industry,the structure of tourism industry and the convenience of transportation facilities have a significant positive effect on the efficiency of tourism.The level of regional economic development and the improvement of the development level of service industry have hindered the development of tourism efficiency.In view of this,put forward measures and suggestions respectively from changing the development mode of tourism economy,Adjusting the tourism structure,perfecting the system of tourism transportation,increasing opening to the outside world and investment in science and technology,giving full play to tourism regulation and control function of the government. |
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