Study On Vegetable Production Efficiency And Influencing Factors Under Environmental Constraints In China

As one of the essential dishes on the table,vegetable has always been the focus of national resource policy.According to the official data,China’s vegetable area and output are on the rise,and the export volume is much higher than the import volume,which not only meets the domestic market demand,but also balances the international trade deficit of agricultural products.Although China’s vegetable industry has developed rapidly,its mode of production is still relatively simple and extensive,lack of professional and technical strength and new business entities,and it is more difficult to promote standardized production.In the process of vegetable production,the increasing input of pesticide and fertilizer not only buries the hidden danger of quality and safety,but also aggravates the environmental pollution.China’s vegetable industry not only falls into the bottleneck of cost-benefit rate declining year by year,but also faces the dilemma of coordinated development of industry and ecology.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the vegetable production efficiency and its influencing factors under environmental constraints for the realization of industrial economic growth and the alleviation of ecological pressure.This paper reviews the domestic and foreign literature on vegetable production efficiency to understand the research status and development trend.Through the definition of related concepts,theoretical overview and analysis of the current situation of China’s vegetable industry,the theoretical background of the study is established.Based on the literature review and the analysis of the current situation of China’s vegetable industry,this paper laid a theoretical foundation.In the empirical part,taking cucumbers and tomatoes in 30 provinces of China from 2011 to 2017 as examples,the environmental constraints were incorporated into the DEA-BCC andDEA-Malmquist models,and the static production efficiency,dynamic total factor productivity changes of Chinese vegetables under different time and space and different planting modes were calculated.According to the input-output situation of the "the best" and "the worst"production practitioners in six regions in 2017,this paper discusses the direction of optimizing resource allocation.Then,the DEA-Tobit model is constructed to test the influence of external factors on vegetable production efficiency.The results show that:(1)Static angle:Under the environmental constraints,the average technical efficiency of Chinese vegetables is not high,only 0.747,and the situation is presented:facility>open field,southwest>northwest>south central>north China>east China>northeast;(2)Dynamic angle:The main reason for the reduction of TFP is the lack of technical progress,and the secondary reason is the decline of technical efficiency.Meanwhile,the decline of technical efficiency is the decline of pure technical efficiency.(3)Resource Allocation Optimization:The surplus proportion of labor force,basic agricultural and fixed assets investment is large,which needs to be improved.The degree of redundancy of land and water resources is relatively low;(4)Influencing factors:market value of labor force,price trends and water infrastructure have a significant positive impact on the production efficiency of vegetables in China,while consumption intensity of labor force,deficiency degree of education and natural disasters have a significant negative impact.Finally,based on the conclusion,the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward:(1)We should strengthen technological innovation and attach importance to education.(2)Promote regional exchange and learning,and build an industrial advantage area.(3)Cultivate new production and operation entities to adapt to the development of modern agriculture.(4)Pay attention to infrastructure construction and improve the industry security system.(5)Scientifically allocate the input structure of production resources to eliminate redundancy.(6)Pay attention to environmental pollution and guide sustainable development.