Study On The Volatile Components Of Thirteen Medicinal Plants By SHS/GC-MS

There are many secondary metabolites called volatile constituents in medicinal plants.Due to complex chemical composition and rich biological activities,volatile constituents have become a hot topic of research by scholars at present.Researches on medicinal plants in Shaanxi were Bletilla striata(Thund.)Reichb.f.,Sambucus williamsii Hance.,Ligustrum ×vicaryi Hort.,Sabina procumbens(Endl.)Iwata et Kusaka,Adenophora tetraphylla(Thunb.)Fisch.,Allium macrostemon Bunge.,Ziziphus jujuba Mill.var.spinosa(Bunge)Hu ex H.F.Chow,Amorpha fruticosa Linn.,Coreopsis grandiflora Hogg.,Cirsium japonicum Fisch.ex DC.,Solidago Decurrens Lour.,Prunella vulgaris L.and Leonurus japonicus Houtt..In the study 13 different medicinal plants of flowers,leaves or aerial parts were selected as the research objects,and their volatile components were analyzed and compared.The volatile constituents of medicinal plants were extracted directly with SHS,and combined with GC-MS for qualitative and quantitative analysis,in low,medium and high 3 different temperatures.The volatile constituents of medicinal plants were determined by SHS/GC-MS.The results showed that:(1)We analyzed volatile components of medicinal plants in different families at three different temperatures.The relative content was higher than 10% of the medicinal plants leaves,including: S.williamsii leaves((E)-2-hexenal and 2-methyl-butanal),L.× vicaryi leaves(2-ethyl-furan,(Z)-3-hexen-1-ol,(E)-2-hexenal and hexanal).In the flowers,S.williamsii flowers(benzaldehyde,hexanal and 2-methyl-butanal)and L.× vicaryi flowers((Z)-3-hexen-1-ol,hexanal,(E)-2-hexenal and 2-ethylfuran)were the main compounds of relative content higher than 10%.(2)There are some differences in the composition and content of volatile components released by plants of different families.Among them,the volatile constituents of A.macrostemon aerial parts were terpenes,aldehyde and alcohols.The relative contents in three volatile constituents temperature stages of low,medium and high temperature were(67.186%,15.596%,4.917%),(32.245%,38.240%,12.959%)and(17.232%,36.920%,17.540%),and the D-limonene,2-methyl-butanal and 3-methyl-butanal were major components.In addition,the main components released by medicinal plants leaves were esters,alcohols,terpenes,and aldehydes.Meanwhile,terpenes,alcohols,aldehydes and alkanes were the main components released by flowers.(3)A comprehensive analysis of volatile components in 3 Asteraceae and 2 Lamiaceae medicinal plants.The results showed that the relative contents of the leaf and flower of S.chinensis in three Asteraceae plants was the highest,the relative content were(99.647%,99.667%,98.986%)and(97.936%,99.416%,99.743%),respectively.The major components of leaf were(-)-?-cadinene(47.168%),?-copaene(44.572%)and isoledene(46.617%).In the flower the major components was(1R)-(+)-?-pinene(56.087%).The content of P.vulgaris in the Lamiaceae was high,its content was(97.026%,98.964% and99.599%)and the richest components were p-cymene(32.261%),D-limonene(18.612%)and o-cymene(31.110%).There were great differences in relative content,species and composition of volatile components and having distinct genera and species specificity in different families medicinal plants.