Research On The Antioxidant,hepatoprotective And Hypolycemic Of Camellia Japonica Bee Pollen

Bee pollen is collected from flowering plants by honey bees and then mixed with their saliva to form pellets,is promoted as“natural nutrients storeroom”.Camellia japonica bee pollen?C.japonica bee pollen?,originated in China,rich in high quality protein,flavonoids,phenolic and other bioactive substances.And it is highly appreciated by consumers due to its moderate sweet taste and delicate flavor,which is benifficial for its commercial value.However,at present,the functions of C.japonica bee pollen were not frequently reported.Thus,the present study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the C.japonica bee pollen,investigate the hepatoprotective effects of C.japonica bee pollen on acute alcohol-induced liver damage in mice and the anti-diabetic properties of C.japonica bee pollen in alloxan-induced diabetic mice.1.In the present study,C.japonica bee pollen from five geographical origins in China were analyzed for total phenolic content and total flavonoid content.We also evaluated the antioxidant capacity and protective effects of C.japonica bee pollen on the damage of DNA induced by H₂O₂.The results showed that C.japonica bee pollen from Zhejiang Province,exhibited highest total phenolic content?8.97 mg GAE/g?,total flavonoid content?3.01 mg Rutin/g?,better antioxidant activity in DPPH radical scavenging test?0.50 mg/mL?and ferric reducing antioxidant power?5.37±0.53 mg Trolox/g?.Besides,the results of comet assay showed that C.japonica bee pollen protect DNA in lymphocyte of mice from damaged of H₂O_2.2.We investigated the hepatoprotective effects of C.japonica bee pollen on acute alcohol-induced liver damage in mice.The results showed that treatment with Crude C.japonica bee pollen for 7 weeks significantly increased serum oxygen radical absorbance capacity?ORAC?,lowered the levels of AST and ALT as well as lipoprotein oxidation in serum,enhanced activities of GSH-Px and SOD in liver,and decreased the formation of MDA in liver.Histopathology examinations showed pretreatment with C.japonica bee pollen is efficacious for prevention and treatment of alcohol-induced hepatic injury in mice.The study indicated that C.japonica bee pollen exhibits hepatoprotective properties and may be used as a supplement of functional food.3.In this study,we evaluated the hypoglycemic effects of C.japonica bee pollen in alloxan-induced diabetic mice,and separated and measured the phenolic and flavonoids in the ethyl acetate extract of C.japonica bee pollen via HPLC.In the results,there are five phenolic acids were identified in C.japonica bee pollen,in which kaempferol was the main compound.Animal studies have showed that treatment with Crude C.japonica bee pollen?CCP?and C.japonica bee pollen extract?CPE?for 4 weeks significantly?P<0.05?inhibited the increase in fasting blood glucose levels,lowered the concentration of total triglycerides?TG?,total cholesterol?TC?,aminotransferase?AST?,and aspartate aminotransferase?ALT?in serum,enhanced superoxide dismutase?SOD?activities and decreased the formation of malondialdehyde?MDA?in kidney tissue.Histological examinations were also used to assess the effect of C.japonica bee pollen on diabetic mice.These findings suggested that C.japonica bee pollen exhibited the anti-diabetic properties by mitigating oxidative stress because its antioxidant activity.