China's Kuznets Effect And Its Dynamics Of Heterogeneity

Since the reform and opening up,China's economy has achieved remarkable achievements.However,the environmental pollution it brings is also getting worse.Is economic development necessarily at the cost of environmental destruction?Can the economic and environmental "win-win" green development be achieved?The Environmental Kuznets Curve(EKC)creatively reveals the dynamic relationship between them.However,the pollution problem will not be solved automatically during the economic development.The real realization of the green mountains and waters is the structural changes and technological revolution hidden behind the increase in income.With the economic growth,they show significant heterogeneity in the impact on the environment.Based on the data of 280 prefecture-level and above cities from 2003 to 2015,this paper applies the threshold regression method to empirically demonstrate the EKC theory in China and find its dynamic mechanism to explore targeted regional emission reduction policies.We found that:1.There is a significant EKC effect on the emission intensity of S02,industrial smoke dust and wastewater in China.With the development of economy,the emission intensity of pollutants showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing.The per capita GDP corresponding to the EKC inflection point of the three types of pollutants is 8643 RMB,9733.39 RMB and 6654.74 RMB respectively.2.China's urban industrial green development has achieved remarkable results.In addition to a small number of provincial capitals in the central and western regions in 2003,most cities are still in the red or blue development stage on the left of the curve turning point,and the environmental cost of economic growth is high.In 2015,most cities across the country crossed the inflection point to achieve economic and environmental coordination.Green development has developed from the weak trend like star fire in the early years in the east years to the current strong trend like prairie fire.3.Self-reform and upgrading of heavy industry is an important driving force for green development.With the economic progress,heavy industry has gradually changed from a large polluter in the traditional industry to a pioneer in the emission reduction of new industries.4.Only when the economy reaches a relatively high level,the role of technology investment in emission reduction can be highlighted.Therefore,under the national conditions of achieving green development in most cities,economic progress and environmental protection are mutually reinforcing,and the increase in income can effectively promote environmental improvement.It is the only way to accelerate the process of greening our country's industry that accelerate the transformation and upgrading of heavy industry,In addition,accelerating the transformation and upgrading of heavy industries,focusing on the research and development of environmental protection technologies and putting the quality of industrial structure and science and technology into the first place are the only way to speed up the process of greening our country's industries.