Habitat Sutability Monitoring Of Waterfowl Based On Remote Sensing

Wetland is one of the important ecological environments that human beings rely on to survive.In recent decades,due to the impact of climate change and economic development,the nation's wetlands have undergone significant changes,affecting the stability of their ecological functions,environmental functions and production functions,and adversely affecting the growth and reproduction of waterfowl.Therefore,in order to restore the wetland ecosystem and effectively protect rare and valuable waterfowls,the combination of remote sensing and GIS spatial analysis techniques has important implications for the evaluation of wetland and waterfowl habitat suitability.The Fujin River Nature Reserve in Heilongjiang Province is located in the lower reaches of the Songhua River and in the hinterland of the Sanjiang Plain.The ecosystem types,water conservancy patterns,and agricultural production patterns of the wetland along the Yangtze River are typical and representative in the Sanjiang Plain.Due to the long-term reclamation and dredging activities in the protected area,the vegetation has been destroyed,the wetland has been degraded,and the function has declined.Since 2012,the Songhua River Basin has started the protection and restoration of wetland along the Yangtze River and the restoration of downstream wetland projects,which has improved the water quality of the mainstream of the Songhua River and restored the ecological environment of the river basin.How are these protection and restoration projects effective for the restoration of wetlands?What is the impact on waterfowl habitat?These questions need to be answered through scientific evaluation.Based on high-resolution remote sensing information technology,the spatio-temporal changes of Wetland along the nature reserve of Fujin River were analyzed to discuss the suitable spatial pattern of waterfowl habitat,assess the restoration status of waterfowl habitat,and propose targeted management and protection strategies for waterfowl habitat.It is of great significance.In this paper,we use the SPOT remote sensing imagery of the Fujin Yanjiang Nature Reserve in Heilongjiang Province in2011 and the GF-1 remote sensing imagery in 2016 as the data source,and combine field measurement data to realize the land cover of the Fujinyan Nature Reserve in Heilongjiang Province in 2011 and 2016.Accurate extraction of data and analysis of the dynamic characteristics of wetland distribution;based on this,using remote sensing and geographic information system technologies,selecting evaluation factors suitable for protected areas,and using AHP to determine the weight of each factor,and constructing a water bird habitat suitability evaluation model.Assessment of the restoration status of waterfowl habitat during the five years of completion of the conservation area.The main conclusions are as follows:1)Wetland in the Fujin Yanjiang Nature Reserve of Heilongjiang Province is widely distributed in areas with sufficient water along rivers,etc.The area of wetland increased by approximately 82.80km~2 in 2011-2016,mainly in the central and eastern parts;and wetlands in the west and central and north parts Lost,disappeared area is about 56.12km~2.Cultivated land and water are the main types of land cover transferred into wetlands,and the transferred areas are 46.39km~2 and 8.75km~2,respectively.The area and average area of wetland landscapes in protected areas have increased,and the number of patches has decreased,which indicates that the degree of fragmentation of wetlands in protected areas is weakened and is conducive to the restoration of waterfowl habitat.The above results indicate that the protected wetland landscape has been restored during 2011-2016.2)Protected areas The water conditions and sheltering conditions of waterfowl habitat in 2016 have improved compared to 2011,making protected areas provide waterbirds with sufficient moisture to resist the invasion of alien species.However,due to the development of society and the expansion of infrastructure,the human interference activity has increased,the ability to provide food has weakened,and the habitat quality of waterfowl habitat in protected areas has declined.3)The best suitability of waterfowl habitat in the Fujin River Nature Reserve in Heilongjiang Province increased by 58.81 km~2 from 2011 to2016,and the general class area of suitability increased by 18.78 km~2,but the area of good suitability decreased by 74.08km~2.The level of change in the degree of suitability is not as large as that of other suitability levels.