Research On Responsibility Allocation Of Global Carbon Emission Reduction

This paper employs the World Input-Output Database and the gross export decomposition model of Koopman et al.?2014?to recount CO₂ emissions embodied in international trade from the perspective of value-added trade.Then we proved the correlation between trade benefit factor and shared responsibility allocation with empirical regression.At last,a comparison analysis was made based on three different responsibility principles.The results show that:First,carbon emission coefficient,as the direct influence factor of carbon emission,reflects one's technology level of production.It is the most efficient approach to emission reduction.Sectors of Electricity,Gas,and Water Supply,Non-Metallic Mineral have higher emission coefficients.The direct emission coefficient of India's Electricity,Gas,and Water Supply is 13.8 kg/dollar,far beyond other countries',which maybe the key sector to improve for India.The gap between total emission coefficient and direct emission coefficient indicates an intensity of indirect consumption.So we can control carbon emissions from indirect emission coefficient.Second,traditional trade statistics caused a significant overestimation of imports and exports,and value-added trade statistics is more reasonable.For example,compared with value-added export,the exports of China,America and Germany were over estimated by 443.5,365.19 and 498.09 billion dollars,which approximate to the traditional export of India or Russia.The miscalculation of traditional statistics will also have a bad influence on carbon emissions.Our findings suggest that 208.7,83.2 and 68.1 million tons of carbon emissions embodied in exports of three countries were over calculated because of statistical deviation.Third,shared responsibility principle is more reasonable and fairer,easier to be widely accepted.This article use the ratio of value-added export to total volume of value-added trade?including export and import?as allocation proportion of shared principle,,and passed empirical test.In contrast with three principles,we can find that,developing countries such as China,India,Russia have higher production-based emissions than consumption-based emissions,while the United States,Japan,Britain and other developed countries have higher consumption-based emissions than production-based emissions.Shared-based emission,as a compromise of two principles,is more likely to be received by developing countries and developed countries at the same time.Based on carbon emissions result,we then calculated reduction responsibility of countries.For example,under production principle,China's responsibility is 29.55%,while America is 15.67%.