Study On Classification Management Of Municipal Solid Waste From The Perspective Of Policy Tool Theory

With the rapid development of China's economy and the increasing urban population,the problem of municipal solid waste has become increasingly serious,which has become an important factor hindering the sustainable development of the economy and affecting the people's needs for a better life.How to improve the classification management of garbage to solve this problem has become an important issue of current theoretical and practical circles.The theory of policy tools,which was born in 1970 s,has been developing for nearly half a century.Its basic idea of governance,which aims at solving practical problems,provides a new way of thinking for the current classification management of municipal solid waste in China.As a bridge between solving policy problems and achieving policy objectives,it is very important to select efficient policy tools to improve waste classification management in China.From the perspective of policy tools,based on the elaboration of the theory of policy tools,combined with the actual situation of our country,and drawing on the advanced theoretical achievements of other public policy science,this paper puts forward a framework for the analysis of garbage classification policy tools with the main contents of "policy subject,policy object,policy choice,policy effect and policy external environment".According to this framework,this paper analyzed the current domestic waste classification management in China.Generally speaking,the classification and management of municipal solid waste in China is still in its infancy.In terms of policy subjects,the participation of enterprises and non-governmental organizations is insufficient.In terms of policy object,residents' garbage classification behavior lacks normative guidance and the link of garbage classification is ignored;in terms of policy choice,too much emphasis is placed on controlling command-based policy tools and unbalanced choice-oriented;in terms of policy external environment,garbage classification view legal system is not perfect and garbage classification market is immature.In order to solve these problems,this paper puts forward the basic idea of municipal solid waste classification management-"stage-process-guidance" management mode.That is,the policy of waste classification should be formulated and implemented.The policy is maintained in three stages.According to the actual situation of different stages,different types of waste classification policy tools and combination of policy tools are adopted.The garbage classification management has the characteristics of process and chain.In themanagement of the three processes of classified disposal,collection and disposal of garbage,we should take a holistic and overall view of the management.The three processes and the cohesion management between them are indispensable.The use of policy tools should be guided by economic incentive policy tools to train residents and organizations to actively participate in garbage classification.In order to maintain residents' active participation in garbage classification,it is more necessary to have a strong executive control command-based policy tool as the basic guarantee,and ultimately realize the whole society's long-term awareness of garbage classification and behavior norms,that is,to promote garbage classification with benefit guidance,to ensure garbage classification with administrative guidance,and ultimately to achieve the cultural guidance of garbage classification.Based on this basic idea,this paper analyzed the five problems existing in the current municipal solid waste classification policy in China,and put forward the following specific solutions: promoting the diversification of waste classification management,focusing on the whole process of waste classification management,upgrading the use of waste classification policy tools,emphasizing the coordination between the policy tools of waste classification,and building a good external ring of waste classification policy tools.Environment.