| According to statistics,China's dairy safety incidents mainly occur in the production process,so the importance of food safety for dairy employees is particularly important.This paper is a large sample of food safety knowledge,attitude and behavior(KAP)of different employees of dairy companies in view of the current vague or unclear perception of the technical requirements of food safety in China.survey.At the same time,this is also the research content of the sub-project of“Food Safety Data Fusion and Visualization Application Technology Research” in the key research and development project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of the “13th Five-Year Plan”.This study investigated the status of KAP in food safety for dairy employees,studied the factors and main causes of food safety KAP among dairy employees,and analyzed knowledge(K),attitude(A)and behavior(P)for food safety.Impact degree,analyze the key knowledge,attitudes and behaviors related to food safety that practitioners should master,and form a corresponding database to quantify the correlation between knowledge,attitude and behavior of food safety among employees through structural equation modeling(SEM).Sexuality provides data support and theoretical basis for the follow-up training system for targeted food safety for employees.This survey adopts the method of stratified sampling to extract representative dairy enterprises in Beijing,and to ensure the consistency of sample structure and overall,and to improve the representativeness of samples.The survey targets the operators,inspection and quality control personnel,R&D personnel and some management personnel of each enterprise on the same day.They design their own questionnaires and analyze the basic information of the employees to analyze the knowledge,attitudes and behaviors related to food safety.Investigate and use AMOS software to establish a SEM model of food safety knowledge,attitudes and behaviors,and analyze the relationship and importance of the three.The results are as follows:(1)The knowledge,attitude and behavior of the questionnaire are designed in 60 parts.According to the scientific and reasonable proportion of the total score,the overall score of the questionnaire is designed to be 93 points,of which the knowledge part is 20 questions,according to different The total score of the K part of the problem form design is 60 points;the attitude part is 20 questions,of which the score is 16 questions,and the non-score title is 4 questions,which is used to observe the attitude of the respondents to certain phenomena in society.There are 1 pointfor each question in the scoring question,16 points in the attitude part;20 questions in the behavior part,17 questions in the scoring question,3 questions in the non-score,1 point in each question,and 17 points in the behavior part.The results were divided into three parts at a ratio of60%(55.8 points),60-80%(55.8-77.4 points)and 80%(74.4 points)out of 93 points,which were general,good and excellent.According to the survey,the total score of KAP for food safety of dairy workers was(69.63±11.58)points.It can be seen that the overall food safety KAP of the employees in the dairy industry is at a good level.(2)Knowledge of food safety in the dairy industry.In this survey,the knowledge of food safety is 60 points,which is divided into 60 levels(36 points)and 80%(48 points),which are divided into three general,good and excellent levels.The results showed that the average score of knowledge of food safety of employees was(40.67±10.07),and it can be seen that the subjects' knowledge of food safety is at a good level.Secondly,the knowledge of food safety is divided into three modules,namely,knowledge of food safety laws and regulations,food safety control issues in production processes and basic knowledge of food safety.The correct rates of these three parts are 58.42%,59.14% and 73.01%,respectively.It can be seen that the dairy industry practitioners have the lowest knowledge of the laws and regulations of food safety.At the same time,through the single factor test,the gender,age,education,job category,length of employment,whether or not the training has been received within one year,the time of training and the form of training are included in the factors that may affect the knowledge score of dairy food safety.Through the T-test and analysis of variance of two independent samples,we found that the gender,education,job category,training and training format had a significant impact on the food safety knowledge scores of dairy employees(P<0.05).Among them,the form of gender and training acceptance has a significant impact on the food safety knowledge score of practitioners(P<0.01).Female staff scores higher than males,and they receive the knowledge level of on-site guidance trainers and receive video lectures and participate in expert lectures.People score higher than they do.It can be seen that in the process of designing the training system and actually carrying out the training,it should be based on field operations and supplemented by theoretical knowledge.In addition,in addition to training on actual operations,they should also strengthen their study and understanding of relevant laws and regulations and new policies.(3)In the food safety attitude part of the dairy industry,in this survey,the attitude of the food safety is 16 points,(9.6 points)and 80%(12.8 points),which are divided into general,good and excellent.Three levels.According to the survey,the average score of the attitude part is(13.92±2.24)points,and it can be seen that the attitude of the respondents is basically in a positive state.Secondly,this survey divides the attitude question into five parts,namely,the food safety attitude,work attitude,training and learning attitude,the knowledge of relevant professional knowledge and the attitude of emotional trust.The correct rates for these five parts were 94.4%,81.8%,95.4%,70.5%,and 70.8%,respectively.It can be seen that they have the lowest level of cognitive knowledge about relevant expertise.By analyzing the factors affecting the attitudes of dairy employees,the attitude scores weresignificantly correlated with gender,age,education,employment years,job categories,training time and training(P<0.05).Through a survey of the overall environment of the dairy industry,the perfection of laws and regulations,and the trustworthiness of government information release,90.2% of employees believe that their dairy products are safe enough and 82.1% of employees It is believed that China's dairy safety environment is generally good,but in response to the question that China's existing laws and regulations are perfect,42.4% of people believe that China's current laws and regulations are not perfect,and this is in line with their knowledge of laws and regulations in the knowledge section.The correct rate is the lowest,but even so,more than half(70%)of the people choose to believe that the government has issued information indicating that the government's credibility is at a good level,but it should still strengthen the relevant laws and regulations.popular.(4)In the investigation of behaviors related to food safety of dairy workers.The score of the design score of the behavior part is 17 points,with 60%(10.2 points)and 80%(13.6 points)of the full score,and the score of the behavior question is divided into three scores.The survey results show that the average of the behavior scores The value is(15.04±1.64)points.It can be seen that the behaviors of the respondents basically meet the requirements and are at a higher level.Secondly,the behavior is divided into four parts: food safety,behavior,health behavior and training-related behavior.The correct rate of this part of the practitioners was 89.7%,88.9%,88.8% and 79.2%,respectively,and relative to other groups,they found that the relevant behaviors related to training were at the lowest level.In terms of the behavioral factors affecting the dairy industry,it was found that the food safety behavior of the respondents only had a significant relationship with their academic qualifications,job types and whether they had received training(P<0.05),which was related to the knowledge and attitudes.The results are different.In the academic group,undergraduate and undergraduate(undergraduate,junior high school,high school,junior high school)personnel have higher correct answers to all behaviors than those with master's degrees.This may be due to the type of positions they are engaged in,and undergraduate and below There are many people in the actual production operation,and the personnel with master's degree are mainly engaged in research and development,etc.,and the actual requirements inside the factory are less understood.It can be seen that the relevant behaviors of the employees are mainly related to the requirements of the factory,and are related to the enterprise's enterprise standards and various national laws and regulations.(5)In the analysis of the relationship between food safety knowledge,attitudes and behaviors,three relationship paths are presupposed,that is,1 knowledge has a direct impact on attitude;2knowledge has a direct impact on behavior;3 attitude has a direct impact on behavior.The SEM model is established for analysis.According to the non-standardized coefficient results of the SEM model,knowledge has a direct impact on attitude,attitude has a direct impact on behavior,and knowledge will have an indirect impact on their behavior through attitude.In addition,the knowledge mastery will increase the standard unit by 0.52 standard units;when the attitude isincreased by 1 standard unit,the behavior will increase by 0.47 standard units;if the knowledge is improved by one standard unit,it will indirectly increase the behavior by 0.224 standards.unit.It can be seen that attitude is an important part of linking knowledge and behavior.In order to effectively improve the normative behavior of dairy workers,in addition to supplementing their knowledge of relevant laws and regulations,they should mainly start from their attitudes. |
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