Mechanism Of Influence Of Environmental Air Pollutants On Cultural Relics (gold Foil)

As a relic left in the development of human history,cultural relics have a very high historical,artistic and scientific value.As one of the four ancient civilizations,China has the highest number of cultural relics and collections,and the value of the cultural r elics will play an increasingly important role in the cultural confidence and cultural power.However,in recent years,pollution incidents have occurred frequently,and the atmospheric environment has deteriorated.This has not only caused serious damage to ancient buildings,ancient relics,metal castings,cultural relics,but also threatened the effective preservation and protection of cultural relics.Among them,the destruction of gold artifacts has attracted much attention.Therefore,studying the effects of different atmospheric pollution factors on the cultural relics under different environmental conditions will help to understand and expand the corrosion and destruction behavior of cultural relics in the atmospheric environment,and then develop effective and scientific safeguards.In this paper,the cultural relic's gold?gold foil?is taken as the research object.SO₂,NO₂ and CO₂ are corrosive gases,and the dust is the surface covering of gold.The laboratory simulation method is used to study the single pollution gas,mixed pollution gas and dust covering conditions.The corrosion mechanism of gold foil,while changing gas concentration,dusting quality,temperature,relative humidity,dust moisture content of the device,the effects of different environmental conditions on the corrosion behavior of gold foil were discussed,and corresponding preventive protection measures were proposed.The main conclusions are as follows:?1?Single gaseous pollutant environment:In the SO₂ atmosphere:when the temperature is 20?and the relative humidity is 50%,the corrosion weight gain of the gold foil at the SO₂ concentration of 650 mg/L reaches a maximum of 0.0856 g/cm²;when the SO₂ concentration is 650 mg/L,When the relative humidity is 50%,the corrosion rate of the gold foil reaches a maximum of 0.953 mm/a at30?;when the SO₂ concentration is 650 mg/L and the temperature is 30?.When the relative humidity is 90%,the gold foil has the most serious corros ion condition,the corrosion weight gain is 0.0954 g/cm²,and the corrosion rate is 2.3 mm/a.In the NO₂ atmosphere:when the temperature is 20?and the relative humidity is 50%,the corrosion weight gain of the gold foil at the NO₂ concentration of 575 mg/L reaches a maximum of 0.1528 g/cm²;when the NO₂ concentration is 575 mg/L,When the relative humidity is 50%,the corrosion rate of the gold foil reaches a maximum of 1.171 mm/a at30?;when the concentration of NO₂ is 575 mg/L,and the temperature is 30?,the corrosion of the gold foil at a relative humidity of 90%The most serious,the corrosion weight gain is 0.1001 g/cm²,and the corrosion rate is 3.0 mm/a.In the CO₂ atmosphere:when the temperature is 20?and the relative humidity is 50%,the corrosion weight gain of the gold foil at the CO₂ concentration of 550 mg/L reaches a maximum of 0.0541 g/cm ²;when the CO₂ concentration is 550 mg/L,When the relative humidity is 50%,the corrosion rate of the gold foil reaches a minimum of 0.680 mm/a at30?;when the CO₂ concentration is 550 mg/L,and the temperature is 30?,the corrosion condition of the gold foil at a relative humidity of 90%The most serious,the corrosion weight gain is 0.0512 g/cm²,and the corrosion rate is 0.7001 mm/a.?2?In the environment of mixed gaseous pollutants:In the NO₂/SO₂ atmosphere:when the temperature is 20?and the relative humidity is50%,the corrosion weight gain reaches a maximum of 0.1658 g/cm² when the volume ratio is 65%NO₂+35%SO₂;when the volume ratio is 65%NO₂+35%SO₂,when the relative humidity is 50%,the corrosion rate of gold foil reaches 1.3514 mm/a at 30?;when the maximum corrosion environment?volume ratio is 65%NO₂+35%SO₂,30?,relative humidity 90%?The corrosion is the most serious,the corrosion weight gain is 0.1945 g/cm²,and the corrosion rate is 2.5000 mm/a.In the SO₂/CO₂ atmosphere:when the temperature is 20?and the relative humidity is50%,the corrosion weight gain reaches a maximum of 0.0845 g/cm² when the volume ratio is 50%SO ₂+50%CO₂;when the volume ratio is 50%When SO₂+50%CO₂,relative humidity is 50%,the corrosion rate of gold foil reaches a maximum of 0.0953 mm/a at 30?;in the maximum corrosion environment?volume ratio 50%SO₂+50%CO₂,30?,relative humidity 90%?,The most severe corrosion,corrosion weight gain of 0.0953 g/cm²,corrosion rate of 1.0253 mm/a.In the SO₂/CO₂/NO₂ atmosphere:when the temperature is 20?and the relative humidity is 50%,the corrosion weight gain of the gold foil is up to 0.0983 g/cm² when the volume ratio is 40%SO₂+30%NO ₂+30%CO₂;When the volume ratio is 40%SO₂+30%NO₂+30%CO₂ and the relative humidity is 50%,the corrosion rate of the gold foil reaches a maximum of 0.0895 mm/a at 30?.In the maximum corrosive environment?volume ratio 40%SO₂+30%NO₂+30%CO₂,30?,relative humidity 90%?,the corrosion is most serious,the corrosion weight gain is 0.1022 g/cm²,and the corrosion rate is 1.1625mm/a.?3?In the dust-covered environment:when the temperature is 20?,the water content of the falling dust is 10%,and the weight loss of the gold foil in the environment where the falling dust is 0.5g reaches a minimum mass of gold foil of 0.0354 g;when the falling dust covers a mass of 0.5g When the water content is 10%,the corrosion rate of the gold foil reaches a maximum of 0.0695 mm/a at 30?;when the dust covering quality is 0.5g,when the temperature is 30?the gold foil corrodes when the water content of the falling dust is30%.The condition is the most serious,with a gain of 0.059 g and a corrosion rate of 0.0860mm/a.For the different ways of corrosion damage,the following protective measures are proposed.The gas concentration detecting device should be installed,so does temperature control,humidity control and other equipment,and dust is periodically removed to keep the surface of the cultural relics clean.