Effects Of Different Mixing Ratios Of Vegetable Waste On Composting Process And Its Application

With the adjustment of China's agricultural industry structure,the amount of vegetable waste increases rapidly along with the growing planting area and output of vegetables.The environmental pollution caused by the lack of applicable technology and the waste of vegetable waste,seriously threatens the safe production of vegetables.Therefore,establishing high-temperature composting technology for vegetable waste and promoting the application of composting products are of great significance to the sustainable development of vegetable industry.Using tomato residues as the main material,the variation differences of physical,chemical and biological indexes of heap under the situation of different vegetable waste proportion(30%,40%,50%),and different types of microbial agent(no,GKF,YKB)were compared in this paper,through traditional pile composting.It also discussed the feasibility of each index for evaluating the degree of compost maturity;With agaricus bisporus residue as the representative of vegetable waste,potted pepper and facility cucumber cultivation experiments were carried out to compare the effect difference between plant-derived organic fertilizer and animal manure organic fertilizer.It hopes to provide theoretical data and technical support for the application of vegetable waste fertilizer.The main research conclusions are as follows:1)Three kinds of vegetable waste proportion all can achieve harmless treatment,and the composting effect of different tailing proportion was:30%>40%>50%.When the proportion increased from 30%to 40%and 50%,the duration of high temperature was shortened,the degradation rate of organic matter was significantly reduced,the rate of water loss was accelerated,and the decline rate of water content was increased.The germination index decreased by 8%and 18%at 30 days.The treatment effect of different microbial agent types was:GKF>YKB>N.When inoculated with microbial agent,it increased the heap temperature and prolong the duration of high temperature,increased the degradation rate of organic matter in the early stage,accelerated the increase speed of germination index,and accelerated the process of maturity.During the composting process,the activity of cellulase decreased gradually and tended to be stable,with the increasing proportion of vegetable waste,the activity of cellulase increased.2)The degree of inhibition of the growth of seedlings with different fermentation time was significantly different.The composting inhibition was strong within 25 days of fermentation,and it quickly weakened after 25 days.Correlation coefficients of seedling quality with germination index(GI value)and cellulase activity were 0.937,-0.882,showing a very significant correlation(P<0.01),and the quality of seedling had a significant correlation(P<0.05)with the EC value,C/N,polyphenol oxidase and the seedling growth index of the tomato hole seedling.By examining the above indexes during the composting process,the degree of inhibition of plant growth by composting products can be judged,thereby to evaluate the degree of compost maturity and safety.3)In the experiment of potted pepper cultivation,the plant height and stem thickness of pepper with PC were better than that with MR and CK.The average yield per plant of PC,MR,CF and CK was 196.22,188.77,216.50 and 2.72g,respectively.There was no significant difference among the treatments except as control.The effects of different fertilizer treatments were further studied in facility cucumber cultivation experiment.In terms of total production,the total production of pig manure organic fertilizer(PC)treatment was significantly higher than that of other treatments,and there was no significant difference between the total production of MC2(mushroom residue+2×10~7CFU/g functional bacteria)and MC3(mushroom residue+2×10~8CFU/g functional bacteria)and the total production of CK.In terms of quality,PC significantly increased the soluble sugar content in fruits.The vitamin C content in fruits with MC2 and MC3 increased by 4.41%and 39.04%respectively compared with that in fruits with CK,and the sugar-acid ratio increased by 95.92%and 74.71%respectively.There was no significant difference in nitrate content between the organic fertilizer fruits with pig manure and fruits with CK.The nitrate content in the fruits with MC1,MC2 and MC3 decreased by 35.72%,42.95%and 35.36%respectively,which significantly improved the fruit safety.