Study On The Extraction And Microstructure Of Gutta Cells From Eucommia Ulmoides Leaves

Eucommia ulmoides gum is a unique renewable natural polymer material in China.It belongs to the isomer of natural rubber and has the duality of rubber and plastics.Eucommia rubber has a unique rubber-plastic duality,which plays an extremely important role in national defense science and engineering and other aspects.However,at present,the low efficiency and purity of Eucommia rubber extraction lead to the high cost of high-quality Eucommia rubber,which has become a major bottleneck restricting the development of Eucommia rubber.Studying on the microstructure of gutta cells and the relationship between gutta cells and the surrounding plant tissues and organs can fundamentally improve the way of gutta percha extraction,which is conducive to the extraction of gutta percha with high purity and efficiency.It is a great significance to improve the technology of gutta extraction and promote the industrial application of gutta percha.In addition,study on rubber particles in Eucommia ulmoides gum and Eucommia ulmoides gum cells can provide a theoretical reference for further studies on the mechanism of gum production and the biosynthesis process of Eucommia ulmoides gum.In this paper,the microscopic study of gutta percha cells in Eucommia ulmoides Oliv is mainly divided into three parts.One is the characterization of gutta percha cells in the leaves of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver.The two is the extraction of gutta percha cells and the research and characterization of the chemical constituents in the gutta percha cells.The three is the construction of the microstructural model of cells and eucommia rubber particles.1.The leaves of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv were treated with denaturation and the whole leaves were treated with transparency and dyeing to make the leaves completely transparent.From the surface structure,Eucommia ulmoides gutta cells are a kind of filamentous cells which are bulging at both ends.Most of the gelled cells have inverted water droplets,and some of them are like Yuanbao and similar pellets.In terms of size and volume,the total length of gutta cell is about 300-3000 microns,the longest is several millimeters;the length of the expanded end is about 10-60 microns,accounting for about 2%of the total gutta cell length,and the diameter of the expanded end is between 5-30 microns,generally more than ten microns.From the point of distribution,some of the glue cells in Eucommia grew in the form of cell bundles along the vein,some of them were perpendicular to the vein,some of them were free in the area between the veins.Through this part of experiments,we can advance the characterization scale of gutta cells to micron level.2.The glue cells in the leaves of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv were treated with whole transparency.After enzymatic treatment,the glue cells were obtained.Then the glue cells could be extracted completely from the leaves of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv by dispersion and filtration.After that,FTIR,H-NMR,GPC,DSC and other characterization methods were used to study the chemical composition of the inner part of gutta percha cells.The experimental results showed that gutta percha cells contained trans polyisoprene rubber hydrocarbon,water,protein and phospholipid.Through the comprehensive application of H-NMR and the establishment of the relevant formula,it was determined that the phospholipid component in the cells containing gutta percha was lecithin.Through this part of experiment,an efficient method of extracting gutta cells from Eucommia ulmoides Oliv leaves was obtained,and the chemical components in gutta cells were demarcated.3.Through the self-made synthesis of epoxy resin and gradient curing exploration,the appropriate embedding formula was obtained.The rubber containing cells of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv were embedded,and further cross-section characterization was carried out after low temperature liquid nitrogen treatment.The existence of spherical rubber particles was observed.The size was about 30-500 nm,the average diameter is about 150 nm,and the number of rubber particles in a gutta cell is about 1.08 ×106?4.07 ×106.Based on the above data,the microstructural model of gutta cells and gutta particles was established,and the characterization scale was advanced from centimeter scale to molecular scale.