Study On Engineering Design And Environmental Impact Assessment Of Urban Domestic Waste Comprehensive Treatment

With the advancement of the economy and the improvement of people’s living standards,the problem of urban waste disposal has become the most important and urgent problem to be solved in urban development.According to the data released by the National Bureau of Statistics,the population of China has reached 139.538 million by the end of 2018,while the amount of urban domestic garbage in the same period has reached 228.018 million tons,which is equivalent to 163.4 kg of domestic garbage per person per year.Urban life The effective treatment of waste reduction,resource utilization and harmlessness has become an urgent task.Commonly used domestic waste treatment methods include sanitary landfill method,incineration method,composting method,and domestic garbage comprehensive treatment method.The population,economy,and regional characteristics of each city are different,resulting in the total amount of garbage and components of household garbage in different cities.A certain gap.Therefore,the domestic garbage disposal plan adopted by the city cannot be generalized.It is necessary to comprehensively consider various factors including the economy,processing technology level and topographic environment to propose the most moderate domestic garbage disposal plan with the guiding ideology of urban development.It is precisely because of the need to comprehensively meet the requirements of many aspects,a single domestic waste treatment method is difficult to adapt to the rapid development of the city,and the development of urban domestic waste comprehensive treatment technology has become the development trend of domestic waste treatment.The comprehensive treatment of municipal solid waste is to carry out pre-sorting in a certain area,first recycling the recyclable resources and then selecting the subsequent processing links of incineration or composting according to different regional characteristics.Finally,the recycling can be greatly reduced.The residue is landfilled.This method can well recycle resources and has high economic and social benefits,and also greatly reduces the environmental impact of a single treatment method.It is an ideal solution for the harmless treatment of domestic garbage with development potential.The paper summarizes the status quo and development trend of waste treatment technology at home and abroad,summarizes the domestic and international urban domestic waste treatment model and analyzes the domestic and municipal urban domestic waste comprehensive treatment plant management decision model.Aiming at the relatively simple phenomenon of the evaluation method for domestic garbage disposal,the cost-benefit analysis model and the life cycle evaluation model are selected as the main evaluation models of this paper.On the basis of sufficient research,this paper takes Beijing municipal solid waste harmless comprehensive treatment project as the research object,and combines the prediction of the change trend of Beijing domestic garbage production and composition trends to explain the design and process of Beijing municipal solid waste comprehensive treatment project.According to the specific design technical indicators and environmental monitoring during the operation period,the project will be evaluated for comprehensive benefits,and through the adoption of the urban living garbage life cycle assessment method system,the Beijing municipal solid waste comprehensive treatment project will be carried out from the aspects of environmental impact potential and energy consumption.Environmental impact assessment.At present,the theoretical research on the comprehensive treatment of municipal solid waste in China is very limited,and the research on the scientific evaluation method of the comprehensive treatment of domestic waste is also very limited.In view of the shortcomings in this respect,and in order to better guide the practice research,this paper adds a comprehensive life cycle-based environmental impact assessment based on the comprehensive benefit evaluation of Beijing municipal solid waste comprehensive treatment project.The comprehensive treatment project has carried out a relatively comprehensive and systematic evaluation,laying a theoretical foundation for exploring an environmentally friendly and economically cost-effective comprehensive treatment plan for urban domestic waste.It is of great practical significance to improve the management level of urban domestic garbage in Beijing and even the whole country,and to guide the city appearance and environmental sanitation management departments to plan and implement the urban domestic garbage comprehensive treatment project and further improve the theoretical system of urban domestic garbage comprehensive treatment in China.