Study On Ecological Protection Red Line In Yellow River Basin Of Henan Province

The red line of ecological protection is an innovative concept put forward in the environmental protection work of our country.The purpose is to protect the key areas,sensitive areas and vulnerable areas of the ecological function of our country.The red line of ecological protection is the lifeline to maintain the ecological security of our country.The red line of ecological protection provides new ideas and methods for environmental protection in China.In September 18,2019,President Xi Jinping hosted a symposium on ecological protection and high-quality development of the Zhengzhou River Basin in the Yellow River,pointing out that the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River basin is a major national strategy.In this study,the Yellow River Basin in Henan Province is taken as the research area.By using Geographic Information System(GIS)and Remote Sensing(RS),remote sensing,meteorology,soil,land use status and other data,the sensitivity of ecological environment and the importance of ecosystem service function are taken as evaluation indexes,and an evaluation system is established to meet the current situation of the Yellow River Basin in Henan Province,and the red line of ecological protection of the Yellow River Basin in Henan Province is drawn accordingly.The main contents and conclusions are as follows:(1)According to the location characteristics of the Yellow River Basin in Henan Province,this paper selects water conservation,soil and water conservation,biodiversity,wind and sand fixation to evaluate the importance of ecological services.Water balance method,Revised Universal Soil Loss equation(RUSLE),Quantitative index method of Net Primary Productivity(NPP)method and other methods were used for evaluation.The results of the evaluation are divided into three grades:extremely important,important and generally important.The most important area in the evaluation of ecosystem service function is the red line of ecosystem service function in the Yellow River Basin of Henan Province.The red line area is 4044.30 km~2,accounting for 11.06%of the total land area of the Yellow River Basin in Henan Province.(2)According to the ecological problems of the Yellow River Basin in Henan Province,the sensitivity of soil and water loss was selected to evaluate the sensitivity of ecological environment.According to USLE,four evaluation factors,including rainfall erosivity,terrain factor,soil erodibility and vegetation coverage,were selected for evaluation and classification.According to the classification results,the sensitivity of soil and water loss in the Yellow River Basin of Henan Province can be divided into two grades:sensitive and general sensitive,and there is no extremely sensitive area.The total sensitive area is 18331.74km~2,accounting for50.14%of the total land area of the Yellow River Basin in Henan Province;the general sensitive area is 18225.97km~2,accounting for 49.86%of the total land area of the Yellow River Basin in Henan Province.(3)According to the relevant zoning,protected land planning and the guide to delimitation of ecological protection red line,combined with remote sensing images,the eight types of prohibited development zones in the Yellow River Basin of Henan Province are overlapped in space,and the area of prohibited development red line zone in the Yellow River Basin of Henan Province is about 3612.28km~2,accounting for 9.88%of the total land area of the Yellow River Basin of Henan Province.(4)Based on the spatial superposition function of ArcGIS,the extremely important area and the forbidden development red line area obtained from the ecosystem service function evaluation are superposed,and the red line of ecological protection of the Yellow River Basin in Henan Province is preliminarily demarcated.After removing basic farmland and small patches,the red line of ecological protection of Yellow River Basin in Henan Province is obtained.The red line area of ecological protection of Yellow River carp in Henan Province is5470.95km~2,accounting for about 14.96%of the land area of Yellow River Basin in Henan Province.(5)Analyze the situation of the ecological protection red line in different regions,and combine the ecological protection red line with the administrative divisions and the status quo of land use for evaluation.According to statistics,Luoyang city,San Menxia city and Ji yuan city are the three provincial cities with large ecological protection red line for ecological protection,and their red lines account for 46.83%,28.34%and 8.40%respectively.The ecological protection red lines in Anyang,Xin Xiang and Pu Yang are smaller.The land use type within the ecological protection red line in the Yellow River basin of Henan Province is mainly forest,with an area of about 3551.84km~2,accounting for 64.92%of the area of the ecological protection red line in the Yellow River basin,of which the largest proportion is forest,accounting for 58.32%of the area of the ecological protection red line.Secondly,grassland,water area,urban and rural industrial and mining residential land,arable land,surface integral ratio of 1060.25 km~2,681.19 km~2,135.52 km~2,38.45 km~2,respectively accounted for 19.38%,12.45%,2.48%,0.70%of the area of the red line in the basin.(6)Based on the scope and area of the ecological protection red line and the basic situation of the Yellow River basin in Henan Province,the ecological protection red line control measures are proposed.