Evaluation Of Service Function And Health Status Of Wetland Ecosystem In Sanmenxia Reservoir Area

The wetland in Sanmenxia reservoir area is a unique ecosystem formed by the special water and sediment conditions in the middle reaches of the Yellow River and the different operating water levels of Sanmenxia water conservancy project.The wetland is rich and diverse in types and species resources,which plays a huge role in regulating climate,flood storage and resource production,and has significant ecological and economic benefits.However,due to the lack of a correct understanding of the service function and economic value of the wetland ecosystem,and the lack of an accurate understanding of the results of the wetland ecological health,the number and area of wetlands are sharply reduced,the ecological service function is seriously degraded,and the health status of the ecosystem is significantly reduced under the influence of various natural factors and human activities.In this study,the value of service function of wetland ecosystem in Sanmenxia Reservoir Area in 2017 was evaluated by using hydrometeorological data and ecological survey data,market value method,production function method and alternative cost method,and the evaluation index system was constructed based on PSR model,and the wetland ecosystem in Sanmenxia reservoir area was evaluated by AHP and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method It is of great scientific significance and practical value to evaluate the health status and discuss the impact of water conservancy facilities on the regional ecological environment and wetland ecological health status.The main research contents and achievements of this paper are summarized as follows:(1)The evaluation index system of wetland ecosystem service function in Sanmenxia reservoir area was established,and the value of wetland ecosystem service function in 2017 was evaluated by the methods of hydrometeorological data,remote sensing data and ecological survey data in different periods,market value method,achievement reference method and travel cost method.The results show that the total value of wetland ecological service function in Sanmenxia reservoir area is 12.375 billion yuan,including 14.0% of supply service function,1.738 billion yuan of value;83.44% of regulation service function,10.32 billion yuan of value;0.69% of support service function,86 million yuan of value;1.87% of cultural service function,231 million yuan of value.Because the regulating function has the most ecological indicators and the highest value,the regulating function is the leading service function of the wetland ecosystem in Sanmenxia reservoir area.(2)According to the estimation results of wetland ecological service function value in Sanmenxia reservoir area,the use value of its supply,regulation,support,culture and other ecological functions is divided into three categories: direct use,indirect use and non use value.Among them,the value of direct use value is 1.9billion yuan;the economic benefit of indirect use value is the largest,the value is10.389 billion yuan;the economic benefit of non use value is the smallest,the value is only 86 million yuan.It can be seen that the economic value of the wetland ecological service function in Sanmenxia reservoir area is mainly the indirect use value,which has a very considerable economic benefit.We should focus on protecting the healthy and sustainable development of its ecological function.(3)Based on the PSR model,an index system of wetland ecosystem health assessment in Sanmenxia reservoir area is constructed from three levels of pressure(P),state(s)and response(R).The index weight and membership degree are calculated by using AHP and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.The health status of wetland ecosystem is divided into five levels,namely "health,sub-health,vulnerability,morbidity and disease" Evaluation index(CEI)was used to determine the health status of wetland ecosystem in Sanmenxia reservoir area.The results show that the current CEI of wetland ecosystem health in Sanmenxia reservoir area is 0.696,which is between the "sub-health" and "fragile" states;in the three subsystems of pressure,state and response,the state level is the most restrictive(0.394),the pressure level is(0.157),and the response level is the weakest(0.145);in the 15 evaluation indexes,the material supply The restoration of ecological environment,scientific research and entertainment are the main factors affecting the health of wetland ecosystem in Sanmenxia reservoir area.