Study On The Relationship Between Spatial Elements And Population Shrinkage Of Coal-exhausted Cities

With the emergence of urban contraction in China and the deepening of related research,China has begun to face up to the problem of urban contraction.There are many resource-exhausted cities in China.The four coal cities in Heilongjiang Province belong to coal-exhausted cities.These cities are facing similar problems such as population contraction and industrial recession.It is urgent to find solutions and strategies.At present,the research on urban contraction strategy mainly focuses on the strategies of economic and industrial transformation.The shrinking city lacks the theory of spatial development.It needs to study the characteristics of urban contraction from the spatial level and put forward the practical strategies of urban spatial development.Based on the above background,this paper chooses the four major coal cities in Heilongjiang Province as the research object,and tries to establish an evaluation system of the correlation between the characteristics of spatial elements and the degree of population contraction in coalexhausted cities based on the shrewd contraction concept.It also puts forward a shrewd contraction strategy for all kinds of spatial elements in Shuangyashan City,which is the same kind of shrinking city.Urban spatial response provides theoretical and practical significance.Firstly,this study combs the concept of "smart decline".Based on the summary of foreign cases and domestic studies of smart contraction,and the comparison between smart contraction and smart growth,this study has a deeper understanding of the connotation of smart contraction,and summarizes the concept of smart contraction into nine main points.Then it extracts the urban spatial elements from the smart contraction theory and establishes the framework of urban spatial elements under the smart decline development concept.Secondly,the overall characteristics of the contraction of the four major coal cities in Heilongjiang Province are studied,and the contraction characteristics of the four coal cities are analyzed comparatively in time and space levels.It is found that the four coal cities have the same contraction pattern of anti-circle spatial contraction and the same development sequence of time elements,and the spatial elements of the four coal cities are analyzed.The suitability is the basis of the investigation of urban spatial elements.Secondly,combined with the smart contraction space elements framework summarized in the previous paper,the status quo of urban space elements of 21 streets in Shuangyashan downtown area was investigated and analyzed,and the characteristics of spatial elements were summarized.Finally,combined with the results of urban spatial factors survey and the spatial measurement indicators of urban contraction,a quantitative index system of coal resource exhausted urban spatial factors under the smart concept of contraction is constructed,which is divided into four categories: comprehensive,production,life and ecology,and 13 sub-categories of quantitative indicators.On this basis,using the quantitative analysis method,based on the GIS platform,the index elements of urban space are calculated quantitatively,and the correlation system between population contraction and spatial elements is established.The correlation between the index results and the degree of population contraction is analyzed.Finally,the paper interprets and analyses the correlation results of each spatial factor index,and puts forward a smart shrinkage optimization strategy for the spatial factor index which has a significant correlation with population shrinkage degree,so as to play a corresponding reference role for the future planning of Shuangyashan City and the guidance of shrinkage management.