The Ancient Textile Technology Exchanges Between China And Japan

The Sino-Japan ancient textile technology exchange through maritime silk road is an important part of the study of the bilateral culture and technology exchanges between the two countries.Most of the existing studies on the Sino-Japan ancient textile technology exchanges are based on silk and clothing by the historical records,which pays little attention to the Chinese influence on the original development of textile materials and textile technology in ancient Japan.Relevant works only cover fragmented periods of history,resulting in missing a profound and comprehensive understanding of the relationship between the two countries in terms of ancient textile technology exchanges.Based on the shortcomings of the existing studies,this study compares the origin of textile materials and textile technology between China and Japan based on the archaeological relics from the two countries.A comprehensive study is carried out on the forms,characteristics and routes of the ancient Sino-Japan textile technology exchanges based on the literature records.The thesis is divided into six chapters:The first Chapter is the introduction section.Firstly,based on the ever-increasing interests on research of the maritime silk road and the relatively scarce studies on the Sino-Japan ancient textile technology exchanges,we would like to focus our attention to this issue.Secondly,it elaborates relevant concepts and defines the time frame covered in the research.Thirdly,it points out the short comes of the present research according to the published literature.Finally,the research method,research content and novelties of the current study are briefly introduced.The second chapter discusses the origin of Chinese and Japanese textile raw materials.Firstly,the origin of textile materials in ancient China and that in ancient Japan is analyzed and compared.Secondly,the transformation of Japanese textile materials from the clothing of Jomon age is analyzed.Finally,the route and reason for China's mainstream textile fibers transported to Japan are discussed.The third chapter analyzes the historic record of Sino-Japan textile technology exchanges.Firstly,the time sequence of the origin of spinning technology and weaving technology between China and Japan is analyzed and compared.Secondly,we analyzed ancient Chinese hand spinning machines and looms like the primitive waist machine,the horizontal machine,the Jacquard loom which were exported to Japan later.The fourth chapter analyzes the approaches of the Sino-Japan ancient textile technology exchanges.Based on the historical records,three approaches of Sino-Japanese textile technology exchanges and their influences are classified and discussed.The fifth chapter is dividing the history of Sino-Japan ancient textile technology exchange from the Jomon period(14000BC ~ 300BC)to the 17 th century into three stages: initiation stage,peak stage and declining stage.And then the reasons for the formation of each period are analyzed.Through the research,we have the following understanding:1.Textile materials were widely used in the Jomon era,and their origins were the same as those in China.They all originated from tools,signs and the need for warmth and comfort.In addition,clothing in the Jomon period gradually evolved from animal skins to wild plant fiber woven clothing.Yayoi period began to use hemp,silk and other fiber textile because the mainstream fiber in China spread to Japan along the Shandong peninsula-Korean peninsula-Japan Kyushu north sea route.2.In terms of the origin of spinning and weaving technologies,Japan shows obvious hysteresis.The primitive waist machine may be introduced from China,as well as the horizontal machine,the Jacquard loom and hand spinning machine were introduced to Japan successively.3.In the process of Sino-Japan textile technology exchanges,three forms including the migration activities,tribute-return policy and Sino-Japan private trade play an important role.The positive foreign political and economic policies of China and Japan are conducive to the development of Chinese and Japanese textile industry.Actually,the prosperity of Japanese textile industry is based one Chinese advanced textile technology.4.In the development period of Sino-Japanese textile technology exchanges before Sui and Tang dynasties,Shandong port was mainly used as the port of departure.In the early stage,Chinese immigrants firstly reached Korea through the Miaodao islands,and then went south to Japan.In the later stage(in the southern dynasty),Chinese could cross the yellow sea and follow the coast of the Korean peninsula to Japan.In the peak period of Sui,Tang,Song and Yuan dynasties,Chinese textile technology spread Japan mainly along the southern route or Nandao road from the port of Mingzhou,near the Yangtze river estuary.During the recession,the starting port transfers to Guangzhou,Fujian and other places in China,so Chinese there reached Japan via the Ryukyu peninsula.