A Case Study On The Implementation And Improvement Of The Policy On The Classification Of Urban Household Waste Analysis

At present,many areas like Shanghai face the dilemma of "garbage siege",which could lead to serious social conflicts if not handled properly.In recent years,more attention has been paid to the follow-up of waste classification and reduction work in China.However,the experience of other developed regions shows that source classification is the most important.It can greatly reduce the pressure of the end treatment,improve the treatment efficiency,can be used as the future direction of garbage classification and recycling disposal in our country.Waste has potential value,as long as the right method,can be turned into treasure,to achieve the economic,social and environmental "triple win".As one of the first cities to implement garbage classification,Shanghai has expanded its garbage classification pilot over the past two decades,from caoyangwu village to districts and counties.The municipal government has also made a lot of supporting measures for this,but the effect is always unsatisfactory.As we all know,the classified recycling of domestic garbage is a public service with external characteristics,which cannot be separated from the overall arrangement of the state.Whether the government can effectively supply is directly related to the quality of life of citizens.Starting from the theoretical basis,this paper defines urban household garbage,source classification of urban household garbage,public products and policy implementation deviation respectively,and realizes that garbage classification should not only rely on the government,but also encourage individuals,enterprises,non-profit organizations and other subjects to participate in.At the same time,we can flexibly use various policy tools to optimize the allocation of social resources.Then,this paper studies the theory of garbage classification policy,including externality theory,government intervention theory,public policy implementation theory and Smith policy implementation theory.The advantages,disadvantages and applications of each theory are sorted out.It is found that the structure of government administration from top to bottom in China is exactly in line with Smith's model.For the sake of further research,this paper tacitly admits that the present policy is reasonable.Because of many factors influencing the garbage classification of policy implementation,this paper adopts the process model theory,Smith in serious review of the history of Shanghai municipal garbage sorting relevant policy and implementation status,on the basis of contrast with expectations,in policy implementation deviation as the research object,from the subject,object and environment,the author analyzes the reasons of policy enforcement,and discusses the three on the impact of the policy.In order to further explain the problem of policy implementation deviation,this paper took two communities in town M,district J as survey objects,and found the following situation through questionnaires and face-to-face interviews.Some achievements have been made in the classification of community domestic garbage.Residents' cognition is correct;Residents voluntarily participate in voluntary service activities;The living environment has been improved.However,there are also some deviations in policy implementation.People don't know much about policy;The policy environment is not yet mature.Then,this paper concludes that the reasons for the implementation deviation are: insufficient use of policy implementation tools;Inadequate understanding of the target group;The policy environment is not constrained enough.Waste classification in order to find a solution to the countermeasures and Suggestions of policy implementation deviation,this paper draws on Japan's garbage classification policy implementation experience,combined with Shanghai's economic environment,political environment and social environment,from the Smith model,this paper discusses accords with the practice of Shanghai development policy Suggestions: strengthen the policy of mandatory,enforceability and continuity,perfecting the policy system;We will improve the quality of law enforcement personnel,match the rights and responsibilities of the enforcement agencies,improve supporting facilities,and collect fees appropriately,so as to enhance the enforcement ability of the garbage classification enforcement subjects.Continue to publicize,increase material rewards,coordinate governance,improve the quality of the whole people,mobilize the enthusiasm of target groups.We will improve the law,call for political attention,activate the market,encourage competition among businesses,exercise oversight,and encourage residents to participate.This paper tries to provide some references for the continuous improvement of garbage classification policy in this region.