Study On The Comprehensive Risk Evaluation Of Whole Class Of Special Equipment

Based on the basic definition and model of the risk,regards the hazard point(source)of the whole-type equipment as the research object and the eight kinds of special equipment as the concrete analysis object,the paper proposes the concepts of absolute and relative risk strength of hazard point(source)on the whole-type equipment.The frequency of accidence or probability of accident's circumstances is used to present the possibility of accident's occurrence and the accident harm equivalent index is used to calculate the severity of the accident's consequences,on the base of which the author proposes the absolute risk strength quantitative model of hazard point(source)on the whole-type equipment that can apply in industrial equipment,nuclear facilities,petroleum chemical industry equipment,transportation and so on,and then the relative risk strength quantitative model was concluded by normalization method.In combination with the practical situation of special equipment,the author gets the risk strength model of special equipment further.According to the statistics of the gross and accidents of the 8 kinds of special equipment from 2001 to 2010,the author studies the absolute and relative risk strength of these eight kinds of special equipment,utilizing the risk strength model of special equipment.The absolute risk strength reflects the macro and inherent risk level of every kind of special equipment;the later reveals its transverse risk strength relation,infers the coefficient ranks of the its inherent relative risk strength:passenger ropeway,large-scale recreational facility,lifting machinery,boiler,factory specialized vehicle,pressure pipeline,elevator and pressure vessel.Then the author gets the relation of the risk strength between every two types of equipment.For example,the risk strength of one passenger ropeway is equivalent to that of 20.8 pressure vessels or 17.5 elevators,one pressure vessel is equivalent to 0.8 elevators or 0.75 kilometers pressure vessel.In order to evaluate and reorder the homogeneous,heterogeneous and compound classes of special equipment in different regions and departments and provide technics and dates for government supervise department to draw up scientific and reasonable policies.Based on the classification methods of monomer equipment and applying Analytical Hierarchy Process(AHP),as to the comprehensive risks of homogeneous,heterogeneous and compound classes of special equipment and on the basis of risk strength of eight classes equipment and the risk classification(3 levels)of each monomer equipment,the hierarchical structure model of the whole class of comprehensive risks was established.Then the influence weights of the 8 classes(24 types)equipment to the comprehensive risk were worked out and qualitative risks(3 levels)were changed into quantitative risks through monomer equipment classification of Hangzhou/Zhengzhou and Xian.Finally,the model to calculate and evaluate the risk for homogeneous classes of special equipment were established,which can be used for comparing and ranking risk of homogeneous classes of equipment in different areas and units;and the model to calculate and evaluate the risk for heterogeneous classes of special equipment,which can be used for comparing and ranking risk of heterogeneous classes of equipment in the same areas and units;and also the model for compound classes of equipment,which can be used for comparing and ranking risk of all the special equipment in different areas and units.It is verified by a certain example that using the method,the comprehensive risk of whole class of special equipment can be calculated and evaluated.