Research On The Influencing Factors And Development Countermeasures Of The Airport Economy

As a new mode of economic development,the airport economy has persistently promoted the urban economic development in China,and is playing an unique role in regional development as well.As a state-level airport economic experimental zone,the development plan of Zhengzhou Airport Experimental Zone was approved in 2013,and the regional production of experimental zone amounted to 62.25 billion yuan in 2016 which is 1.93 times of that in 2013.The rapid development of Zhengzhou Airport Experimental Zone has aroused the attention of many scholars and become a window to study the airport economy.However,after the rapid development from establishment,there are some new problems in the development of Zhengzhou Airport Experimental Zone.In recent years,its growth rates of gross production and imports&exports have been decreasing year by year from 2013 to 2016,and the momentum for future economic growth is slowing.Therefore,it is necessary to analyze the present situation of Zhengzhou Airport Experimental Zone and find out the influence factors restricting the further development of Zhengzhou’s airport economy.In addition,the research on the economy of airport economy has been focusing on its development mode,industrial layout and evaluation system,but the research on the empirical aspects was limited.In view of this,this paper selects Zhengzhou Airport Experimental Zone as the research object and conducts the research by the method of qualitative analysis and empirical test,individual case and generic analysis.Firstly,based on the improved diamond model,the development status of various factors in Zhengzhou Airport Experimental Zone is analyzed from three perspectives:basic factors,endogenous factors and exogenous factors.The research shows that the main reasons for the slowdown of economic growth in the experimental area are:the size of airport and route network limit the improvement of cargo capacity;lack of highly qualified technical personnel,little investment in R&D and insufficient innovation motivation;there are many companies in the middle of industrial chain with products of low added value,and R&D design and technology development in industrial chain are so weak;the local economic foundation is insufficient and the industrial structure is lagging behind.Second,including Zhengzhou Airport Experimental Zone,the author selects 15 domestic airport economic zone as the research object,taking the airport economic gross domestic product as explained variable,and makes an empirical research on the common factors influencing the airport economic development.Studies show that the factors with a significant impact on the development of airport economy are as follows:GDP per capita,fixed asset investment,the secondary industry proportion of airport economic zone,and airport cargo throughput,etc.To make up for some omit variables of the empirical analysis,the author then selects five indicators that are trade,capital,services and production openness and economic benefit,to measure the openness level of Zhengzhou counties from 2014 to 2016,so as to supplement the effects of opening level on airport economy.Empirical study found that:(1)Zhengzhou Airport Experimental Zone was the first of Zhengzhou counties in openness level,but the openness level is declining year by year,and trade openness is the main cause of openness level drop;(2)the high level of openness in the experimental area is mainly due to the high level of trade,rather than investment,consumption and economic benefits,and the development of Zhengzhou Airport Experimental Zone is unbalanced.Finally,considering the reasons of the slowdown increase rate in Zhengzhou Airport Experimental Zone and the empirical research conclusions,this paper puts forward the corresponding countermeasures from the perspective of port-industry-city and coordinated development of regional economy in order to provide references for further development of Zhengzhou Airport Experimental Zone.