Study On The Landscape Environmental Design Of The Royal Mausoleum Type Of World Cultural Heritage Sites

Nowadays,the protection of cultural heritage has become an international consensus for historical and cultural heritage is the common wealth of mankind.China has become the world's second largest heritage country after Italy.For China,the protection of the world's cultural heritage is particularly important and there should be more academic attention and progress in the protection of heritage.We must pay attention to the study of cultural heritage in the landscape environment for a series of serious problems have been occurred in the protection of heritage because the theoretical research on the environment around the heritage resources in China and abroad is lagging behind and the attention on the landscape environment design of the cultural heritage is not enough.In China,the research on heritage protection of the Royal Mausoleum type of world cultural heritage is less and less,and particularly lack of the theoretical and practical research on the landscape environment,therefor create the environmental basis for protection of the Royal Mausoleum type of world cultural heritage sites,research on the theory and practice,is a valuable project and urgent need to study for it makes up for the blank of this kind of research.In this thesis,the comprehensive cross research in the field of multi subjects is made by the method of combining theoretical analysis and case investigation.Take the world cultural heritage site-Yongling Mausoleum as a design example,to analysis the existing problem and functional requirements of Qiyun Park in east of Yongling Mausoleum basis on the heritage protection according to the heritage structure and heritage value,and combined with the analysis to the domestic and foreign related heritage protection programmer documents,laws and regulations,so that to provide the basic constructive guidance for landscape environment design for the Heritage protection of Yongling Mausoleum.The problem that should be paid attention to in the landscape design in the historical landscape area,historic relic or nearby region is made clear and the construction limiting condition of the national key cultural relics protection units and the world cultural heritage sites are summarized and analyzed under the concept of heritage protection.The basic principles of the design of the world's cultural heritage resources and its related surrounding environment are proposed,those are the authenticity protection principle,inheritance national culture spirit principle,ecological development principle and the principles of paying attention to aesthetic experience,that provides guidance for landscape environment design of Qiyun Park in east of Yongling Mausoleum.A whole consider of the historical and cultural heritage and its surrounding landscape environment is taken,the inharmonious problems between Qiyun Park in east of Yongling Mausoleum and its historical style is solved by applying the elements such as terrain,water,roads,landscape sketches and plants to the design practice of the landscape around the heritage resources.Heritage body and its background environment constitute the cultural heritage resources.Always take the heritage protection as the fundamental core is an organic part of the protection of historical and cultural heritage.For the design of the surrounding environment related to historical and cultural heritage,the basic principles of the concept of heritage protection must be followed,which principle can be used as a universal principle in the landscape environment design of historical and cultural heritage.In this paper,take the landscape design Qiyun Park in east of Yongling Mausoleum as a practical case,make the design practice by the method of making the landscape elements typed,which can provides reference for the future design of similar cases.The study on landscape environmental design of the Royal Mausoleum Type of world cultural heritage sites is benefit to the continuation of the traditional history and culture and local character,which is also benefit to expand the cultural influence of the heritage resources and improve the awareness of cultural relics protection.