Study On Risk Identification And Prevention Of Grid Enterprises In The Transitional Period Of Electric Market Reform

Based on the separation of power network and electricity generation,the new reform,under the framework of "management in the middle and let go of two",will certify independent transmission-distribution price,release the scheduling and price of electricity generation and consumption,electricity distribution and trading business since 2015.Under the environment of leading reforms by local governments,unclear market orientation and weak market supervision,the power grid enterprises are faced with multiple risks in carrying out reforms in the areas of transmission,distribution,distribution and sales in an all-round manner.Grid enterprises ensuring the safe,stable operation and reliable power supply of power systems are the basic platform for electricity market operation.Therefore,the risk analysis methods and key risk prevention mechanisms for grid enterprises in the market-oriented electricity market are systematically studied to smooth implementation of the reform and ensure healthy development of power grid enterprises.Based on theory and experience of electricity market around world,function of power grid enterprises are divided into five parts,dispatch function,settlement function,investment and construction grid function,transmission-distribution service function,electric trading service function,by using the principle of WBS-RBS.total risk of power grid enterprises into five major categories:strategic risk,financial risk,market risk,legal risk and operational risk.The "importance of influence" is used to select the key risk from the result of risk identification.Finally risk prevention strategy and mechanism for the key risk are studied.First of all,electric trading service function includes competitive electricity trading business and non-competitive electricity trading business.Paper explores the all possible electric trading businesses and their combination modes.The goal of maximizing the sales utility is to construct a hybrid integer optimization of risk assessment and decision model for electric trading.The risk prevention strategies based on the samples show that it is possible to diversify the risk of the electric purchase by diversifying the types of electricity trading,by reasonably allocating the business of electricity trading in the medium and long term market and the spot market,by enriching various power sources and different types of consumer,by the rational use of energy storage equipment.Then for the non-competitive risks in electricity business,a policy preventive strategy are put forward.The risk in the dispatching function comes mainly from the imperfect electricity market rules,natural environment and human factors.Therefore,the paper puts forward the risk prevention strategies and measures in the different stages of market construction from the angle of market rules construction and enterprise management.Settlement functions are faced with the accuracy and consistency of settlement measurement data risk,so unified centralized management of measurement data is the key risk prevention.Transmission-distribution service functions and power grid investment and construction functions are closely linked.Satisfying the power transmission and distribution services,assessing the safety of power grid assets,setting up a balanced account and cross-cycle Adjustment accounts are the key to prevent risks in above two functions.