Research On The Impact Of Western High-speed Railway On Regional Economy From The Perspective Of Spatial Spillover Effect

China has entered the final stage of building a well-off society in an all-round way,and the economic development in the western region is the core work currently.The high-speed railway,as a part of the social overhead capital,plays a crucial role in the development of the regional economy.This paper summarizes the research methods and research perspectives in the field of railway transportation and regional economy.On the one hand,it based on the seniors' research;on the other hand,it objectively points out the inadequacies of the previous research,and analyzed the impact of high-speed railway in western China on regional economy from the perspective of spatial spillover effect.First of all,this paper introduces the concept of spatial spillover effect based on the analysis of the status quo of China's high-speed rail and its technological advantages.Then,it summarized the macro,micro and feedback paths of the high-speed railway to the regional economy from the perspective of spatial spillover effect.This paper believes that the construction of high-speed railway shortens the space-time distance between regions and improves the accessibility of the regions.This kind of construction not only directly affects the way of residents' trip,increases the time value of passengers,increases employment opportunities,and reduces the transportation costs of enterprises,but also improves the region's regional advantages and changes the spatial structure of the location.What's more,the construction of high-speed railway has played a pulling role in the regional economy from the theoretical point of view.Second,this paper established a coupling and coordination model.By coupling the railway transportation system with the regional economic system,the coupling performance of the western high-speed railway construction and regional economy was analyzed from the perspective of coupling degree and coordination degree.Taking the Lanzhou-Xinjiang railway as an example,the coupling between the railway transportation system and the regional economic system was low before the opening of the high-speed railway,and it has been improved and has reached moderate coupling after the opening of the high-speed rail.The opening of this high-speed railway has played a guiding role in the planning for the construction of high-speed railway in all regions in the west,and it also provides a theoretical basis for the western region to use high-speed railways to promote economic construction.Finally,by investigating and analyzing the economy of each region along the high-speed railway in western China,combined with the relevant theories and methods of regional economics and space economics,this paper established a panel regression model and a spatial econometric model to analyze high-speed railway's influence on regional economy from horizontal and vertical perspectives.Take the Lanzhou-Xinjiang high-speed railway as an example,from the horizontal perspective,if we ignore the existence of spatial spillover effects and only use general econometric models to estimate the impact of high-speed railway on regional economic development,we would overestimate or underestimate the impact of high-speed rail on the regional economy.And from a vertical point of view,the construction of the high-speed railway has indeed brought about some certain impact on the regional economy.The opening of the Lanzhou-Xinjiang high-speed railway has brought about a pulling effect on regional GDP,tourist numbers,and tourism revenue.Based on all of these mentioned above and combined with the development of the western region,the impact of high-speed railway on the western region was analyzed from the perspective of regional economics,and policy suggestions were made on the construction and planning of high-speed railway in the western region in order to reasonably plan the western high-speed railway.The construction of the project will help to increase the positive effect and reduce the negative spatial spillover effect of the western regional economic system,bring about new ideas for the coordinated development of the high-speed railway and the regional economy.