The Evolution And Effect Evaluation Of Photovoltaic Industry Policy In China

The large scale of China's photovoltaic(PV)industry and the great policy support by the Chinese government make it necessary to scientifically evaluate PV industry policy.This study designed an evaluation framework for China's PV industry policy from four dimensions(policy measure,policy type,policy strength,and policy issuing department)to categorize and quantify China's 327 PV industry policies from 1994 to2017.Furthermore,the historical evolution and realistic effect of the policies on the PV industry in China were examined.Finally,the optimal combinations of photovoltaic industry policy was studied.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)This paper analyzed the historical evolution of China's photovoltaic state policy and regional policy from four dimensions(policy measure,policy type,policy strength,and policy issuing department).The results show that the main policy measures of the national-level photovoltaic policy are government incentives,grid support,operational supervision,technical specification,fiscal support.At the beginning of the development of photovoltaic industry,the government mainly supported the development of photovoltaic industry by government incentives and fiscal support.At present,the main policy measures are grid support,technical specification and operational supervision.The main regional policy measures are similar to the national-level policy measures,focusing on government incentives,fiscal support,grid support,financial support and technical specification;The main policy issuing departments are the State Council,the Energy Bureau and the Development and Reform Commission;from the perspective of the national policy strength,the issued number of photovoltaic policies from 1995 to 2004 was few,the issued strength and enforcement strength was low.Since 2005,the government has begun to pay attention to the development of photovoltaic industry,the issued number of photovoltaic policies and the issued strength and enforcement strength maintained a continuous upward trend;from the regional policy strength,the policy strength of photovoltaic industry in various regions showed a decreasing trend from northern cities to southern cities,coastal provinces to inland provinces,and the policy strength is positively related to the development of regional industries.(2)This paper examined the realistic effect of the policies on the PV industry from four dimensions(policy measure,policy type,policy effect and policy issuing department).The results show as following.Regarding the effect of policy,of the 14 policy measures examined,only seven have positive correlations.The other policy measures are not yet mature and have no positive correlation.The policy for grid support,operations specification,technical specification and operational supervision has significant positive correlation with the PV industry.All the policy types and departments have a positive correlation with the development of the PV industry.The most effective policy types are the sector-specific notices and announcements,and the best policy-issuing department is the NEA.In contrast,the issued strength of policies from the NDRC is not satisfactory.The issued strength of policy for grid support has the best effect.The issued strength of policy for technical support,operation specification and supervision has a positive correlation with the development of the industry,but has not achieved the desired effect.(3)The optimal policies combination: the State Council should issue the grid support policy measure,and the policies type should be mainly in the form of notification,and the policy strength should be around level 2,with emphasis on the establishment of supporting power grid construction plans,coordinating and promoting the construction and transformation of supporting power grid,strengthening the grid access and grid operation services of photovoltaic power generation projects.The National Development and Reform Commission should give priority to operations specification policy measure,and the policies type should be mainly in the form of opinions and regulations,and the policy strength should be around level 3,with particular emphasis on the guidance and specification of photovoltaic project operation.The energy bureau should give priority to operations supervision policy measure,and the policies type should be mainly in the form of notification,and the policy strength should be around level 2,mainly involved in photovoltaic power project management and regulatory information sharing.