Comparative Study On The Management System Of National Park Between China And United States Of American

National park contains the rich resources and biodiversity,it has very important scientific research value and social value,at the same time,also plays an important role in ecological conservation.Through the construction and protection of national park to build up our country ecological security important barrier,and to protect the various types of natural ecological system in our country;through the construction of national park system,and the reconstruction and integration of natural and cultural heritage resources in China,to protect the ecological civilization effectivly in our country,and to promote the development of ecological tourism,national economy and social culture.Internationally,national parks have been developing for a long time,but they are still in the emerging stage in China.The United States is the first country in the world to put forward the concept of National Park and set up a National Park.Its national park system is perfect and has rich experience.Therefore,taking the US National Park as a comparative object,this paper studies the birth,development and existing management system of the national parks of China and the United States on the one hand.On the one hand,the similarities and differences between them are analyzed.This study analyzes the background of the birth and development of the national parks in China and the United States.The national park management system is divided into three aspects: resource evaluation,protection and management,market operation,and as three layer upon layer and lateral extension perspective to study the management system of national park,at the same time,further refine the three aspect,take numbers of cases to help research,this paper is origined by the study theme,spreading in the form of a tree,finally back to center with research conclusion.In terms of resource evaluation,the US National Park has set up a well-established resource survey and evaluation method,set-up standards and review process.The theoretical method is more advanced,the procedure is patterned and the content is more detailed.The survey and evaluation of national park resources in China mainly focus on scenic spots,and also adopt index evaluation system.However,there are different indicators,criteria and methods of evaluation.The establishment criteria of National Park has not yet been unified in China.In terms of review process,the United States emphasizes the participation of law.Our scenic spots are divided into national and provincial treatment,the process of the two countries is similar.In terms of protection and management,there are many differences between the two countries.The research is compared from 5 perspectives: management system,which are planning formulation,community development,environmental protection,and legal system.In China,national park is managed by both local government and functional departments,the protection area is interlaced by many different management units.;the US national park system built three vertical management mechanism,formed an combination of public and private management system with the federal government as the core;our management philosophy and practitioners are quite different.Although the implementation measures and action plans differs,both countries attach importance to the planning,community development and environmental impact assessment of national parks;legal system of national parks in the United States experienced a number of development has been quite perfect,the legislative system of China National Park due to the late start still needs development.China’s national parks are obviously backward and scarce in the market operation compared to the United States.In the source of funds,the United States federal financial investment based,supplemented by social donation and franchise income,the financial income of our national parks is mainly from the park tourism revenue.In operation and management,the separation of management rights and management rights is not separate completely in China.The United States has issued a special legal supervision Park operation and development behavior.China is comparatively lacking in Recreation Management and popular science commentary.In addition,based on the comparison and analysis of the national park management system between China and the United States,the study draws three points for the improvement of the National Park System in China.The One is about management,it is necessary to establish a unified national park management agencies,and strictly control the franchise,at the same time to protect the land use rights;The Two is about operation,on the one hand,build the National Park brand;on the other hand,solve the problem of funding.The Three is about boundary,taking the influence factors,carry out the management measures for the border of the National Park.