Study On The Key Elements Of Anchorage Setting In Inland River

Anchorage is an important infrastructure which supports the normal operation of a port and plays a critical role in the port function as well as the maintenance of vessel operation order.With the implement of the Silk Road Economic Belt and 21~stt Century Maritime Silk Road Initiative(the Belt and Road Initiative)and relevant policies of the development of the Yangtze River,the economic development along the Yangtze River will usher in a new opportunity.However,the problem of large port with small anchorage is increasingly prominent with the leap-forward development of the ports along the Yangtze River,and the existing anchorage can hardly meet the requirements of the development of the ports.Therefore,the key link to solve the problem is how to utilize the limited water resources in inland river effectively and scientifically and locate and design the anchorage reasonably.At present,there are not many studies about anchorage design in inland river.Instead of unified quantitative standard,there are just some qualitative requirements related to anchorage area design in the relevant norms and standards in the industry.Subjective experience of experts plays a decisive role in the selection of anchorage area during actual settings of anchorage.Whether the anchorage location is reasonable and the anchorage capacity can meet the demand of ship anchoring is lack of analysis and validation of scientific quantitative.These could lead to the existence of potential safety hazard in some anchorage area in inland river,a longer distance needed for the ships entering port and the underutilization of anchorage resource.To design anchorage with utilizing water source in inland river scientifically,anchorage in inland river was investigated as the object.This study aimed to provide the theoretical method and basis for anchorage design in inland river by the study of two key elements,location and capacity,in the design process of anchorage.Two optimization goals,safety and economical efficiency,was taken into account for the location of anchorage.A risk evaluation model of anchorage in inland river based on the entropy weight and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was established through the recognition of risk factors in anchorage in inland river and the establishment of a risk evaluation index system.Then,by the introduction of a CFLP model which was relatively mature applied to the logistics field,combined to the characteristics of anchorage location problem in inland river,a multi-objective optimization model of anchorage location in inland river with constraint condition and consideration about safety and economical efficiency was established.Finally,a heuristic genetic algorithm was used to solve the established model and the specific solving process was introduced.As to capacity of anchorage in inland river,our study was divided into two parts,the static capacity and the dynamic capacity of anchorage.First of all,a static capacity calculation model of anchorage in inland river was set up according to the area of anchorage in port and single ship anchoring area.Then,a vessel queuing system was established based on the queuing theory.A dynamic capacity calculation model of anchorage in inland river was obtained by the calculation and analysis on the queue length under different steady-state probability.Finally,a anchorage capacity size was determined reasonably by the analysis and comparison of the result calculated by the two kinds of anchorage capacity model.In order to validate the fitness of the established model,JiuJiang port was chosen as a sample for collection and organization of the required data.The data was calculated in the models.Finally,the optimal location plan and capacity of anchorage in sample port was obtained.The feasibility of the established model was verified.