| With the rapid development of modern city construction and the acceleration of urbanization process,the urban population is becoming more and more dense,and the number of motor vehicles is also increasing,which makes the urban road traffic congestion more prominent and the air quality worse.In order to alleviate the pressure on urban road traffic and improve the travel environment of residents,many cities began to adopt the strategy of traffic demand management,with a view to reducing road traffic volume and motor vehicle pollution emissions through policy and economic means.Since Beijing first implemented the motor vehicle single and double number limit during the Olympic Games in 2008,many cities with prominent traffic problems have implemented different kinds and degrees of motor vehicle limit policies in accordance with their respective characteristics.Zhengzhou City implemented the even-odd number restriction policy from December 4 to December 31,2017;thereafter,from January 1,2018,from 7:00 to21:00 on weekdays,the restriction policy considering the tail number of license plate was utilized,within the third ring expressway.As a city that has continuously implemented two different restriction policies in a short period of time,its traffic operation has significant response and research value.Under this background,the paper carried out a comparative analysis of the road traffic operation in Zhengzhou City under different restriction policies,in order to provide support for the effectiveness evaluation of the restriction policy and the impact on the road traffic operation status.Firstly,motor vehicle restriction policies in Zhengzhou City in different periods were clarified,including the odd-even number restriction policy and the tail number of license plate restriction policy.The process of collecting and sorting data,covering data type,collection time and collection methods was described.A questionnaire was designed for analyzing the impact of restrictions on the daily travel of residents.Secondly,combined with the congestion delay index of Gaode map,the running speed of the road section unit and the air quality index,the urban road trafficoperation and air quality status before and after the odd-even number restriction policy were compared and analyzed.Even in the case that the annual vehicle ownership increased by about 15% and the population inflow was large,the average congestion delay index of each region decreased by 30%~40% after the implementation of the odd-even number restriction policy.Moreover,the restriction policy had a certain effect on the improvement of the air quality index without the influence of bad weather and haze.Furthermore,the thesis compared and analyzed the road traffic operation and air quality status of Zhengzhou City after the implementation of the even-odd number restriction policy and the tail number of license plate restriction policy.Important road segments in Zhengzhou City road network were identified.The average congestion index of each region when the tail number was restricted was higher than that of the odd-evne number restriction policy.The difference ratio was14%~29%.The main causes of unit congestion in important sections of Zhengzhou city are uncoordinated urban land use layout planning and unreasonable road network structure.In addition,according to the statistics of the questionnaire,the transfer tendency of residents' travel modes before and after restriction policies was analyzed.The original car travel mode was transferred to buses,subways and electric bicycles/bikes in sequence;compared with women,under the condition that new energy vehicles were not allowed,men were more active in purchasing new energy vehicles.Compared with the even-odd number restriction policy and the restriction policy with one tail number of license plate per day,residents are more inclined to support the restriction policy with two tail number of license plate per day.Finally,a summary of the main conclusions and a prospect for future research were conducted. |
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