Research And Improvement Of Machining Technology For Aero-engine Turbine Disk

Aero Turbine disk is the core rotating part and key part of aero-engine.Its machining quality and efficiency are critical to aero-engine.In order to further improve the machining quality and efficiency of turbine disk,and narrow the gap with foreign countries,this article selects a typical turbine disc from the author's enterprise actual production.It carefully analyze the deficiency of current process,combining with the existing equipment and processing capacity,setting out the processing craft improvement program,and developing a lot of analysis,test and summary work.Main improvements include:In the aspect of turning processing,the processing method of fine turning stage is abandoned,and changed to the processing method of "numerical control lathe + ceramic cutter + whole process without human intervention".After improvement,the processing time is shortened by more than half,the dimensional consistency is obviously improved,and the cutting tool cost is reduced.The processing technology of the original finish turning stage adopts artificial knife repairing on NC machining.The whole process of a single intervention CNC programming is used in this article.This method enhances the three elements of turning processing,and makes the turning process stable.It realizes that the different skill level operators work out uniform quality parts in equal time.The phenomenon of inconsistent production time caused by inconsistent operator skill levels is eliminated,and the processing efficiency doubled.In the aspect of local machining,the CNC high speed milling process of threaded holes is adopted instead of the manual machining of tap.It realizes automatic high speed machining of threaded holes.Surface roughness,surface topography and residual stress tests were carried out under different machining parameters to further optimize the machining parameters of optical hole machining,and further refine the process control.This makes the machining quality more stable and consistent,and improves the machining efficiency.CoMPared with the original manual processing,the surface roughness is better,the dimensional precision of chamfering and chamfering is higher,and the dimensional consistency is improved through the realization of groove edge,hole edge,lace and other edge processing machinery automatic molding.In the aspect of surface finishing,the reasonable abrasive composition,specification and dimension were obtained,and the best machining parameters were found through the vibration finishing test which carried out by rotating shaft type vibrating finishing machine.The vibration finish of each surface of turbine disk is realized.The surface roughness Ra is reduced from 0.8~1.6 mm to 0.4~0.8 mm.The surface stress state is improved,the surface texture is uniform and regular,and the surface quality of the parts is greatly improved,eliminating the original manual polishing and polishing process.All the above process improvement measures have been solidified into the process procedures to achieve the delivery of stable quality low-batch turbine disc.The application of the improved results has confirmed that the improvement measures are feasible and effective.After the process improvement,the turbine disc delivery qualification rate increased from 94% to 100%,and the machining efficiency increased by 1.2 times.The machining deformation was effectively controlled,the surface quality of the parts was significantly improved,and the cutting tool processing cost was reduced by 20%.It contributes to the high-quality,efficient and low-cost operation of the enterprise.The improvement measures of processing technology in this paper also have certain reference significance to the processing of similar parts.