A Study On Pingtan Traditional Settlements Morphology From The Perspective Of Environmental Adaptability

Pingtan has a long history and unique culture.It is located in the coastal area of eastern fujian and enjoys a unique geographical location.It has become an important node of One Belt And One Road in the new period.Pingtan shicuo settlement,as a product of adaptation to regional natural environment and social environment,embodies a lot of historical information of authenticity.Due to the lack of research for a long time,pingtan settlement and its architecture are mostly limited to the perception and cognition,while its historical evolution,evolution mechanism,social and humanistic connotation lacks a relatively comprehensive and systematic knowledge system.With the continuous development of society and economy,traditional settlements,as the main spatial product of human's response to the environment,urgently need to sort out the adaptive evolution of settlement forms.It is the physical and social attributes of traditional settlements that this study attempts to study the coupling relationship between them from the perspective of environmental adaptability,and work together on the morphology of settlements.The main content includes the following parts:The first chapter is the introduction,combing the related research theories and methods of architecture and sociology to provide theoretical support for the research of this paper.On the basis of discussing the relationship between settlement morphology and environmental adaptability the second chapter sorts out the natural environment elements and social environment elements of pingtan traditional settlement adaptability mechanism.The third chapter through the theoretical research,and then combined with examples to confirm the analysis.Firstly,the architecture of the traditional settlement system is established,and then the starting point of this chapter is clarified.The settlement form is composed of material space form and social form.The former is divided into overall space form and architectural space form.Secondly,it expounds the components of the spatial form of pingtan traditional settlements.By means of typology,this paper classifies the spatial forms of pingtan traditional settlements by three types:active type,passive type and comprehensive type,and analyzes the spatial structure characteristics of each case.At the same time,combined with diachronic analysis of spatial morphological evolution trend.The fourth and fifth chapters mainly discuss the mechanism behind the adaptive evolution of settlement morphology.The research idea is derived from the macroscopic generality summary to the individuality analysis.In the fourth chapter,on the adaptive mechanism of natural environmental factors,three main selection functions are sorted out,including climate adaptability,topography adaptability,and the appropriate scale of settlements under the influence of natural resources.The adaptive evolution of traditional settlements is the witness of historical changes.Therefore,the evolution of pingtan traditional settlements is deduced diachronic to summarize the changes of natural elements in different stages.The fifth chapter firstly demonstrates the feasibility of this research with theory.The history of population vicissitude,clan ethic thought,dialect pedigree,religion and folk belief,haiphong culture,commercial activity and so on.To some extent,the role of natural environmental factors promotes the formation of settlements,while social environmental factors are the main factors driving the continuous development and evolution of settlements.The sixth chapter summarizes the research results of pingtan traditional settlement.Secondly,it demonstrates the necessity of the perspective of environmental adaptability to the study of traditional settlements and its referential significance.