Study On The Adaptability Of Architecture In Aba Prefecture Amdo Tibetan Traditional Settlements And Swellings

This paper studies the architecture adaptability of Aba Anduo Tibetan areas traditional settlements and dwellings. Aba Tibetan Amdo areas is located between Sichuan province and Tibet. The local traditional settlements and dwellings are characteristic. In recent years, the characteristics are gradually dissolved. The research and protection about the local traditional settlements and dwellings is urgent.This paper use the theory of architecture adaptability as the research method. Aiming to study the interaction between the generation and development of the local traditional settlements and dwellings and three background-natural environment, social and cultural background, economic and technical background. The research work processing from the exterior to the interior:began from the study of the local environment, settlements and dwellings, then analyzed the interaction and selections between the above factors, and then obtained the adaptability of the settlements and dwellings to the environment.Aba Tibetan Amdo areas formed four kinds of representative dwellings because of the various nature environment and mode of production. Including:plateau pastoral tent, mountain pastoral and farming flat roof dwellings, mountain farming slope roof dwellings, mountain valleys forestry and farming slope roof dwellings. Based on the analysis of the four residential adaptability, summarizes the Aba Tibetan Amdo areas traditional settlements and dwelling’s architecture adaptability. The adaptability manifest as follow:The adaptability to the natural environment:the local environment has cold climate, long winter and short summer, full of sunshine, ddry wet season is trenchant. So the local residents considered warm cold and rain drainage in the first place. The construction is easy to learn and the materials are mainly from the local environment.The adaptability to the social humanism:the population in this area is mainly Anduo Tibetan, the local social humanism have characteristics like ethnic, religious, uniform, stable and homogeneous. In the long terms of development, the local dwellings take the Zhushi as the core function room which is inherited from the tent’s functional organization mode.The dwellings formed a set of spatial order led by the religious ethics.The adaptability to the economic technology:the four local production and life styles affect the function and space of the four kinds of dwellings. In recent years, due to the rapid development of society, a large number of foreign cultural and technical materials introduced into this area. The construction of residential began to use amount of modern materials, and gradually aimed to the pursuit of efficiency and ignored the adaptability of the nature and society.Considering the present and looking to the future, Aba Anduo Tibetan area is in a new stage of rapid development. How to find out a way of sustainable development of local settlements and dwellings? Architecture adaptability mechanism is the method of sustainable development. Making full use of this mechanism will help promote sustainable development of this area. Hoping this mechanism can help the local urbanization, new rural construction. In the era of economic development, social change, environmental protection and cultural continuation of the demands of the times, come to a suitable local "answer".