| As a large-scale infrastructure,the port is the gateway to regional or national trade and the basic support and reshaping force of the regional and even national spatial structure.Coastal ports,as the intersection of the “Belt and Road” sea-land two-way channel,are increasingly playing a more important role in the national economy and the world economy.The shipping network is the carrier of the port's integration into the Maritime Silk Road.Its spatial connection and integration level are important indicators of the overall competitiveness of the port.In 1986,there were no ports in China entering the top 10 of the world container ports.By 2005,Shanghai Port and Shenzhen Port had ranked among the top 5 in the world.By 2015,seven of the top 10 container ports in the world were Chinese ports.China has become a powerful container port country in the world.However,domestic analysis of the evolution of China's port system and the regionalization of China's port shipping network and its internal core evolution has not been thoroughly analyzed.Therefore,it is necessary and urgent to conduct in-depth research on this issue.This paper analyzes the regional characteristics of China's coastal container ports since 1986,from the external characteristics of the port system and the internal relationship of the shipping network.First,the rank-size rule is used to analyze the evolution process of the container port system and reveal the external characteristics of the port.Secondly,a complex network model of China's coastal ports including Taiwan Port and Hong Kong Port is constructed based on the schedule of major shipping companies,and the overall characteristics of the shipping network are analyzed and revealed.On this basis,UCINET is used for the first time to present the strongest link between port routes,to identify clearly the hub-spoke system changes of container shipping network in coastal ports of China,to reveal the internal link of port regionalization development,and to analyze the differences and internal causes of container ports regionalization.The results show that:(1)The port system is becoming more and more perfect and the scale structure is more orderly.The evolution of port system can be divided into three stages: low-level equilibrium,obvious centralization and relative decentralization.Container transport is forming regional agglomeration and intra-group diffusion around world-class hub ports.(2)The small-world characteristics of the port shipping network have been strengthened,and the network characteristics of different types of port routes have changed significantly;The changes of large-scale ports are relatively complicated,more than half of the large-scale ports in the hinterland have obvious characteristics and weak transit function.Local ports are polarized,and most of the ports are diversified in the depth,breadth and radiation capacity of the route network.and a few of ports has shrunk in many ways.(3)The inherent characteristics of port regionalization are more evident in the logistics network with liner routes as the carrier.The hub-spoke characteristics of the network are strengthened.From the perspective of strongest connection of shipping network based on UCINET,the coastal container port network transformed from a structure of local networks coexisting with several ports pairs to a double-layer hub-spoke structure,which has made the development of port linkage.(4)Regional shipping network and port group exist space dislocation rather than one-to-one correspondence,the vertex strength of the connection among the four regional ports has increased,the network accessibility and transfer function of Taiwan's port have been improved,their strongest connection area changed from the Pearl river delta to the Yangtze river delta.It also forms a regional network with Kaohsiung port as a regional hub.The vertex strength between the Hong Kong and the whole port in China's mainland has decreased.Hong Kong port from the national hub port weakened to the Pearl River Delta regional hub port. |
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