Research On Jobs-housing Balance Situation Of Workers In The Eastern Large City

With the rapid development of urbanization in China,the spatial scale of large city is expanding gradually,the urban population and industry have been showing a trend of decentralization,workers have more location choices of jobs and houses,the space structure of jobs and houses is being reconstructed.The eastern region is a region with a relatively developed economy and society in China,it has stronger employment attraction,the number of workers in large cities is increasing,and the problem of jobs-housing imbalance is being taken more and more seriously.Several typical eastern large cites were selected and divided into “Supercity and Megacity”,“Large City” and “Medium-sized City and Small City” firstly,through analyzing the data of the third China economic census and the sixth national census,this paper researched the workers' characteristics of all workers,workers with different biological attributes and workers with different social attributes,and also summarized the jobs-housing balance situation.After sorting out the theoretical analysis framework of workers' job-housing balance characteristics in eastern large cities,this paper selected Ji'nan as a case to research workers' job-housing balance characteristics and its influencing factors.The main conclusions are as follows:1)The number of workers in eastern large cities is constantly increasing,the number of male workers is more,the age structure tends to be younger,the number of highly educated workers is less,the overall income level is low,and the productive job is the main occupation.In addition,the job-housing balance degree in eastern large cities is low,and the commutingdistance and commuting time of employees are relatively longer,the job-housing imbalance situation in several large cities has appeared,and besides,the traffic congestion in eastern large cities is increasingly serious.2)The jobs-housing balance degree of Ji'nan urban area is low and has a trend of gradual decline,it also shows that the closer to the old urban area,the higher jobs-housing balance degree is.In the term of workers with different biological attributes,the jobs-housing balance degree of female workers is higher,but it gradually decreases from the old urban area to the new towns,while that of male workers is completely opposite;The jobs-housing balance degree of younger and older workers is the highest,and the spatial characteristics of these two groups workers are basically the same.In the term of workers with different social attributes,Workers whose educational background and monthly income are higher,have the lower jobs-housing balance degree,and it is more obvious in the main urban area;The jobs-housing balance degree of workers whose job is “Government department,Public institution”,“Workers,Salespersons and other social service personnel" or “Individual businessmen” are the highest,and gradually increase from the old urban area to the new towns.3)In the analysis of influence factors,six individual attributes including gender,age,education,income,occupation and commuting mode all have great influence on jobs-housing balance situation.And then,the effect of education environment is not obvious,but the effect of employment environment,living environment and traffic environment is quite significant.Besides,the geography,the policy and the economics are also the important factors.This paper researched the jobs-housing balance situation of workers in the eastern large city in a case of Ji'nan,which not only included the jobs-housing balance characteristics of the urban area and different urban functional space in quantity,and also explored the spatial characteristics.Besides,this paper didn't analyze the general characteristics of workers in Ji'nan urban area,and also considered workers with different biological attributes including gender and age,workers with different social attributes including education,income and occupation.At last,this paper put forward suggestions in multiple aspects,which can be used for reference in the future urban planning and construction of Ji'nan and even other easternlarge cities.