Automobile Electrical System Lightweight Research

In recent years,the production and possession of automobiles in the market have continued to rise,bringing great convenience to people’s lives and promoting social and economic development.However,it has also exerted tremendous influence and pressure on the increasingly short energy reserves and increasingly severe environmental conditions.Faced with a global energy crisis,governments are paying more and more attention to their energy security.In particular,China’s energy security issues are particularly prominent,with about 70% of oil being imported.In addition,with the rapid development of China’s economy and the accelerating level of industrialization,the environmental problems have become more and more prominent,such as air pollution,water pollution,and soil pollution.Automobile emissions are a major source of air pollution.CO,nitrogen oxides and particulates in automobile exhaust are harmful components in the atmosphere.In response to the above problems,energy conservation and emission reduction is one of the important measures.China has introduced a series of policies and regulations,such as the "Energy Conservation Law of the People’s Republic of China" and the "Air Pollution Prevention and Control Law of the People’s Republic of China".Especially in the automotive industry,the state has proposed more stringent energy-saving emission measures and fuel consumption requirements.Therefore,each automobile manufacturer is committed to solving the problem of energy conservation and environmental protection of automobiles,in line with the requirements of national policies.From an international point of view,the main measures are as follows: Firstly,vigorously developing new energy vehicles and increasing alternative energy sources to reduce the consumption of traditional energy;Secondly,vigorously developing engine technology and applying advanced electronic control technology to improve fuel consumption and fuel economy;Thirdly,vigorously developing automotive lightweight technology on the basis of ensuring vehicle safety and control costs,with reducing vehicle weight to achieve energy saving and emission reduction.The weight reduction of automobiles is actually aimed at effectively reducing the weight of the automobile itself under the premise that the performance of the automobile is not lowered and the manufacturing cost is not improved.It is mainly realized from the following aspects: Firstly,structural optimization design,including modular integrated design,structural topology optimization,thickness reduction and optimization;Secondly,the use of lightweight materials,mainly including magnesium alloy materials,Aluminum alloy materials,high-strength steels,engineering plastic,etc.;Thirdly,the use of advanced technology,mainly molding process and joining process.With the development of electronic technology,the number of electronic components such as sensors and controllers in automobiles is increasing and the proportion of vehicle weight is getting higher and higher.The space for lightweight of automotive electrical systems is getting larger and larger.It is necessary to study the lightweight technology.Therefore,this paper takes the lightweight means of structure,lightweight materials and advanced technology as the starting point,and analyzes the possibility of automotive electrical system various parts lightweight,from aluminum wire,wire diameter miniaturization,wire harness overall layout,domain controller unit technology,improvements of electrical components design,and case verification to summarize the lightweight method of automotive electrical systems,providing a certain reference for car weight reduction and cost reduction.