Research On The Impact Of High-speed Railway Development On Urban Import And Export Trade

Under the background of economic globalization,China has made outstanding achievements in import and export trade.At the same time,the construction of high-speed railway has made great progress,which is obvious to all.As China's economy enters a new time,it also poses new challenges to the import and export trade.The dependence on the advantages of resource elements and the only opening of coastal cities can no longer meet the needs of open economic development under the new situation.The report of the 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China emphasized the need to form a new pattern of comprehensive opening up between the land and the sea,and between the two sides.The rapid development of high-speed railway will lead to major changes in urban space,which facilitates the flow of factors and market between cities and regions,and provides a new opportunity for realizing a comprehensive new opening pattern and promoting urban trade.This paper firstly explains the impact mechanism of high-speed rail development on urban import and export trade from three perspectives.First,the development of high-speed rail promotes the flow of managers,reduces the cost of face-to-face interaction,and helps to improve the matching efficiency between suppliers and producers,improving regionalproductivity and promoting urban import and export trade;Second,the development of high-speed rail facilitates the flow of capital,reducing information costs and trade costs;Third,the “space-time compression”effect brought about by the development of high-speed rail contributes to the spatial agglomeration of productive services,improve regional productivity and promote urban import and export trade.Secondly,through theoretical derivation,the proposition is: the reduction of information barriers is conducive to the flow of business managers,reducing the cost of face-to-face interaction between producers and suppliers,enhancing interaction with the international market.Finally,based on the time and space characteristics of China's high-speed rail development and urban import and export trade,with the data of high-speed rail parking frequency,we test the impact of high-speed rail development on China's urban import and export.Through the OLS estimation of the effect,it is found that the development of high-speed rail is generally beneficial to promote the import and export trade of Chinese cities,with an impact coefficient of 0.016 and a 5% significant level.In order to eliminate the endogenous influence,it was further estimated by the two-way fixed-effect two-stage instrumental variable method,the influence coefficient was 0.078,and passed the 5% significance level test.Taking into account the measurement of high-speed rail variables and statistical errors,we use the dummy variables instead of urban high-speedrail parking frequency,placebo test and selection of historical instrument variables for robustness test,and the test results confirmed the above conclusions.Consideration on the geographical location of the city and whether it belongs to the “eight vertical and eight horizontal” trunks,we found that the positive effect of the high-speed railway is more biased towards the cities in the eastern region and on the “eight vertical and eight horizontal” mains.