A Study On The Impact Of High-speed Railway On Urban Export Trade

With the tide of economic globalization,China’s import and export trade has made remarkable achievements.By 2017,China has become the world’s largest trading country with 14.2% growth in total import and export volume.At the same time,China’s high-speed rail construction has also made a breakthrough development.In 2007,China formally operated the first EMU.By 2008,the opening of Beijing-Tianjin intercity high-speed rail,the first high-speed rail line in China,also officially opened the era of rapid development of high-speed rail in China.During the following eight years,China has created a "eight vertical and eight horizontal" high-speed rail network pattern.The report of the Nineteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC)proposes that a new pattern of comprehensive opening-up should be formed,in which both land and overseas are linked,East and West are mutually beneficial,and a new mode of trade should be fostered.Export,as one of the three carriages to promote economic growth,is of great significance to China’s economic and social development.However,the rapid development of high-speed rail is not only conducive to the free flow of factor resources and the rational allocation of resources,shortening the space-time distance between regions,but also conducive to deepening industrial cooperation among regions,promoting the agglomeration of producer services and realizing trade.Easy to strengthen the country,and promote urban export trade to provide new opportunities for development.Therefore,it is necessary to study the relationship between high-speed rail and urban export trade.This paper lays a theoretical foundation for the research through the analysis of externality theory,international trade theory and agglomeration economy theory.And drawing lessons from the empirical research methods of academic frontiers on high-speed rail,this paper regards the opening of high-speed rail as a quasi-natural experiment.On this basis,this paper will focus on the field of urban export trade,mainly study the specific impact of high-speed rail on urban export trade and whether high-speed rail can promote the development of urban export trade.Specifically,this paper firstly analyses the current situation of China’s export trade from the macro level,and summarizes the current situation of China’s export trade from the three dimensions of overall level,regional differences and export product structure.As a whole,China’s export trade maintains a good development trend,but there are still obvious gaps in regional differences,and further through the production efficiency of enterprises.The paper explains the mechanism of high-speed rail’s effect on export trade from three perspectives: economic growth,trade cost and industrial structure.That is,the development of high-speed rail can promote regional economic growth,reduce trade cost and optimize industrial structure,thus promoting the development of urban export trade.Finally,it extends from macro level to micro level and studies the export trade of high-speed rail from the urban level.By choosing panel data of prefecture-level cities in China Urban Statistical Yearbook,this paper constructs a double-difference model to study the impact of high-speed rail on urban export trade from an empirical point of view.At the same time,in order to solve the possible errors and endogenous problems,this paper also conducts robustness test,and further test the mechanism of high-speed rail on export trade and analyze its heterogeneity.This study shows that high-speed rail has a significant positive impact on urban export trade.High-speed rail mainly promote the development of urban export trade by promoting economic growth,reducing trade cost and optimizing industrial structure.At the same time,further subdivided into regional studies found that high-speed rail can promote the development of export trade in the central and Western regions more than in the eastern region.Based on the research results,this paper puts forward that:n view of the differences between the eastern,central and Western regions,relying on the development of high-speed rail,implementing differentiated regional development policies and building a three-dimensional transportation system;in order to reduce transport costs and promote the development of export trade;the railway department should develop the high-speed rail freight transportation system.