Physiographic Characteristics And Water Resources Analysis Of The Regions Among The "Belt And Road"

The“Belt and Road”is a major international cooperation initiative proposed by China to adapt to the development of the times.It is of great significance to the development of the countries along the route and the improvement of people's lives.At present,the systematic research on the relevant natural geographical features and water resources is very scarce and cannot guarantee the“Belt and Road”.It urgently needs to carry out related work.In view of this,based on the main water resources areas of the“Belt and Road”and its water resources zoning,based on multi-source global data,this paper systematically studies the natural geographical characteristics in the“Belt and Road”,from the two perspectives of water resources utilization and industrial development,and spatial distribution of water and land resources,the“Belt and Road”water resources research was carried out.The main contents include the following aspects:(1)To determine the main water resources areas in the“Belt and Road”and its water resources regionalization.Based on the study of national policy,literature,authoritative news,and the ancient Silk Road,the node city,the main route and the main water resource areas were successively determined,and the area of the main water resources area is 1877.00×10~4 km~2.The principle,method,naming and coding rules of water resources division in the“Belt and Road”were constructed,and the main water resources areas were divided into 11 water resources primary zones,50secondary zones and 414 tertiary zones.(2)The physiographic characteristics of the“Belt and Road”were system summarized based on water resources division.Based on the SRTM DEM data,the topographical features of the different regions were studied by the indexs of elevation,slope and aspect.Based on the precipitation data of NOAA database,temperature data of worldclim database and global vegetation cover data in 2015 from the National Remote Sensing Center,respectively studied the spatial distribution characteristics of vegetation coverage,precipitation,and temperature,and calculated the maximum,minimum,mean and standard deviation of the precipitation and temperature.Based on the GLCNMO land use dataset,the land use dynamics,heat map,Land use change importance index,land use transfer matrix,and land comprehensiveness index were used to study the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of different regions from 2003 to 2008 and from 2008 to 2013.Based on the HWSD soil database,the landscape ecological index was calculated by Fragstats 4.2 software,and the spatial distribution characteristics of soil type and organic carbon content were studied.(3)Studying the matching degree of spatial distribution of water resources utilization and industrial development in the“Belt and Road”.Based on the water structure index and industrial structure index,the spatial distribution characteristics of water consumption and industrial development were studied.Based on the Herfindahl-Hirschman index,the spatial agglomeration effect of water consumption and GDP in different industries was studied.The calculation method of the matching degree based on the data sequence studies the matching situation between water resources utilization and industrial development.(4)Studying the spatial distribution difference of water resources and soil resources in the“Belt and Road”.Based on the natural geographical data,the evaluation index system of cultivated land suitability were constructed,and the evaluation method of harmony degree equation was introduced to obtain the suitability of land cultivation of the“Belt and Road”on the grid scale.The water resource per unit area was used as an indicator,the background situation and the spatial distribution of land and water resources in 2013 were compared and analyzed.The Tyre index and its spatial decomposition method were introduced to study the difference between the first and secondary zones in background and 2013.