Emergency Evacuation Simulation And Opyimization For Large Public Building

With the continuous progress of urbanization,the demand for multi-storey and high-rise buildings is increasing,and the structure and function of buildings are becoming more and more complex.Because of the vertical extension of large public buildings and the complex distribution of personnel,the evacuation problem is serious in case of fire and other emergencies.At the present stage,people from all walks of life attach great importance to the problem of safe evacuation in buildings.It urges all kinds of construction units to establish safe evacuation plans.If traditional observation,experience and the evacuation exercise are adopted to formulate the evacuation plans,it will bring more expenditure and affect the normal work of the personnel.The psychological situation in the exercise state is not consistent with the actual situation.This will lead to a decrease in the accuracy of the plan.Establishing evacuation model of public buildings by means of modeling and simulation,evaluating evacuation situation and establishing corresponding evacuation plan are safer and more effective than traditional methods.First,this paper mainly studies the evacuation simulation of a five-storey office building in Harbin.Firstly,the whole research background is investigated,and the related personnel and layout information are sorted out,and the corresponding personnel flow information and the activities of different personnel in the building are also counted to provide the basis for the following pedestrian decision-making model and the selection of simulation platform.Second,based on the research of personnel evacuation and the research background of this paper,the social force model selected in this paper is presented.Corresponding modification,adding guidance marking factors,establishing a piecewise function of the expected speed direction of personnel,and analyzing the safety evacuation criteria of buildings,provide a basis for the establishment of simulation models and judgment of results.Then,the simulation platform is used to restore the environment of the building,and the conceptual model of the personnel flow is established.The conceptual model is transformed into the personnel flow model and integrated into the evacuation environment.The evacuation process is simulated,and the evacuation results are evaluated.According to the problems leaked from the simulation results,Dijkstra algorithm is used to optimize the instructions of evacuation signs in buildings.The route scheme is modeled according to the algorithm,and the optimized scheme is evaluated by comparing the results before and after optimization.Finally,establishing emergency evacuation plan of building by computer simulation is not only better visibility,but also more accurate.Optimizing th e traditional algorithm in the setting of the optimization bill can better solve the problem of the background of this paper.In the aspect of optimization scheme,the way of global optimization of evacuation signs in buildings is proposed,which not only improves the efficiency of evacuation,but also has better realization value for enterprises.